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Egyptian Reform and the Ottoman Tanzimat. HIST 113 Islamic Civilization. Jean Gerome “ Napoleon and the Sphinx” 1862. Antoine-Jean Gros “Battle of the Pyramids”. Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha (r. 1805-48). David Wilkie, Portrait of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha (1841). Rifa’a Badawi Rafi’ al-Tahtawi
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Egyptian Reform and the Ottoman Tanzimat HIST 113 Islamic Civilization
Jean Gerome “Napoleon and the Sphinx” 1862
Antoine-Jean Gros “Battle of the Pyramids”
Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha (r. 1805-48) David Wilkie, Portrait of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha (1841)
Rifa’a Badawi Rafi’ al-Tahtawi (1801-73)
Sultan Abdulmecid (r. 1839-61)
Khedive Isma’il (r. 1863-80)
Source: Rappoport, History of Egypt from 330 BC to the Present Time
Source: Rappoport, History of Egypt from 330 BC to the Present Time
Nasir al-Din Shah (r. 1848-96)
Baron Julius de Reuter (1816-1899)