Cranium

1. Cranium

2. frontal bone (1) parietal bone (2) occipital bone (1) ethmoid bone (1) sphenoid bone (1) temporal (2) cerebral cranium(8) facial cranium(15) nasal bones (2), lacrimal bones (2), inferior nasal conchae (2) vomer (1), palatine bones (2), hyoid(1) maxillae (2), mandible(1), zygomatic bones(2)

3. cribriform: cribriform foramina perpendicular plate ethmoidal labyrinth: ethmoidal cellules ethmoid bone squamous part: zygomatic process, articular tubercle , mandibular fossa tympantic part : external acoustic meatus, styloid process , mastoid process petrous part: internal acoustic pore temporal bones

4. body: sphenoidal sinus, hypophysial fossa greater wing and lesser wing ptergoid processes sphenoid bone one body and two ramus condylar process and coronoid process head, neck , notch , angle and base mandibular foramen, canal and mental foramen masseteric tuberosity mandible

5. The skull as a whole The superior aspect of the skull The posterior aspect of the skull The base of skull The lateral view of skull The frontal view of skull The internal surface of the base of skull The external surface of the base of skull orbits bony nasalcavity paranasal sinuses Anterior cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa Posterior cranial fossa

6. The internal surface of the base of skull cribriform foramina Ⅰ Anterior cranial fossa: the hypophysial fossa、 the optic canal 、the superior orbital fissure 、the foramen rotundum、the foramen ovale、 the foramen spinosum 、the foramen lacerum、the sulcus for middle meningeal artery 、the trigeminal impression、 the tegmen tympani Ⅱ Middle cranial fossa Ⅲ Posterior cranial fossa the foramen magnum、the hypoglossal canal 、the internal occipital protuberance、sulcus for transverse sinus、sulcus for sigmoid sinus、the jugular foramen 、the internal acoustic pore

7. The external surface of the base of skull the hard palate、 the incisive foramen 、the greater palatine foramen、 the posterior nasal apertures 、the occipital condyles、 the hypoglossal canal 、the jugular foramen 、the external opening of the carotid canal、the styloid process 、 the mastoid process、 the stylomastoid foramen、 the foramen lacerum The lateral view of skull the temporal fossa、the infratemporal fossa 、the pterion、the pterygomaxillary fissure、the pterygopalatine fossa

8. The frontal view of skull Ⅰ orbits Ⅱ bony nasalcavity(the lateral wall) the superior, middle and inferior nasal conchae the superior, midde and inferior meatus Ⅲ paranasal sinuses • The frontal sinuses • 2) The ethmoidal sinuses • (or ethmoidal cellules) • 3) The maxillary sinuses • 4) The sphenoidal sinuses the middle nasal meatus. the anterior and middle groups : the middle nasal meatus the posterior group : the superior nasal meatus the middle nasal meatus the sphenoethmoidal recess