1 / 31

Church History

Church History. Part I: Pentecost to the Western Schism. The Jesus Movement. The “Twelve” His “Bothers” Notable Women: Mary, his Mother , Mary Magdalene , Prisca , Dorcas , others Community of “Disciples”. The Church Begins: Pentecost The “Birthday” of the Church.

idola
Download Presentation

Church History

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Church History Part I: Pentecost to the Western Schism

  2. The Jesus Movement • The “Twelve” • His “Bothers” • Notable Women: Mary, his • Mother, Mary Magdalene, • Prisca, Dorcas, others • Community of “Disciples”

  3. The Church Begins: Pentecost The “Birthday” of the Church • Believers in Hiding • Gathered for Fellowship • Praying about what to do • Holy Spirit – Tongues of Fire • Went Public in a Big Way • Spoke in many tongues! • Peter converted 3000 in • one day in the streets

  4. What was the early Church like? House Churches • No Formal Priesthood – Home Owners • Simple, warm, hospitable: welcome table • Mostly Jews who also went to synagogue • Shared Jesusstories;and broke bread” • Growth quick – spread to many homes • Eventually necessitated going public

  5. Early Christian Beliefs • Jesus’ Second Coming was Imminent! • Jesus was the Messiah – the end time had come • The coming of the Kingdom or Reign of God proclaimed every possible chance • Must be Jewish to be Christian • Tolerated by some Jews, rejected by others • Shared all goods in common • Community of Believers was important but didn’t really connect with outsiders until. . .

  6. Apostolic Era 30 – 100 A.D. Peter, First Leader, Pope Paul of Tarsus. Missionary to Gentiles James, the “Brother” of Jesus; Leader of Church in Jerusalem

  7. Missionary Movement to Cyprus, Asia Minor (Turkey) in Acts of Apostles or “Up With Gentiles!” Paul of Tarsus Barnabas John Mark

  8. Organization Happened. . . • Sacraments • Hierarchy – ordination of priests, bishops • dogma developed • Ritual developed • Heresies! Gnosticism, Montanism, Novatianism, Donatism, Arianism, etc.

  9. Persecutions – First 3 Centuries Emperor Nero and others Brutally hostile to Christianity; Many tortured and killed The Coliseum in Rome (not the one in LA)

  10. Christianity Declared Legal! Emperor Constantine and Edict of Milan

  11. St. Augustine of Hippo – 354-430 AD • Church as the Body of Christ • Presence of the Holy Spirit • Bishop of Rome – Pope • Church & Kingdom of God • Had a huge impact on the Church – remains a giant!

  12. 400 – 1000 - Growth! Basilicas, Monasteries, Universities, etc.

  13. Church Growth – East and West

  14. Rome Sacked in 410 AD by Barbarians! ! • Emperor Theodosius divided empire and thus weakened it • Dark Ages Begun! • Christianity Steps Up to Save Western Civilization and to Restore Order • Western church (located in Rome) totally focused on re-building, practical matters, NOT on spiritual ones

  15. Meanwhile, in the East. . . • Spirituality was central • Focuson liturgy, theology, spirituality, sacramental life and • Spirituality had time to refine and grow

  16. Unfortunate Result One Church with Two Hearts. . .slowly becoming two distinct communities who didn’t recognize each other

  17. The Middle Ages: Charlemagne • 800 AD – Charlemagne is crowned emperor • Wanted unification of the East and West in the Empire • Went to war! • Did amazing things like development of universities, architecture, art, etc. • Wanted separation of Church and State – his reign thus weakened the Church’s political hold

  18. Monks, Friars, and Other Holy People • Church in both East and West had Holy People

  19. Rise of Islam and Capture of the Holy Land • Mohammed’s Mission is Successful • Moslems take over Holy Land • Western Church Enraged! • Something must be done!! • Pope Urban II Declares a “Holy War” to unite the church and get back the sacred places

  20. The Crusades 1096-1270 A.D. • “Holy War” = “God wills it” • Rise of the Knights Templar • Many People joined the cause • Result: DISASTER!!! • Western Christians did not recognize Eastern Christians and slaughtered all of them! • Eastern Church enraged!

  21. The Great Schism of 1054 • Crusaders sacked Constantinople much to the outrage of the Eastern Church • Last straw for Patriarch Michael Cerularius! • Forbid Eastern Church to perform Latin Rite • Pope Leo IX threatened excommunication • They excommunicated each other! • First time: CHURCH DIVIDED!!

  22. The Inquisition (12th Century) • Heresies again! • Pope Innocent III – permitted searching out people accused of heresy (there were many!) • Pope Gregory IX established a tribunal for it • Inquisitors: would hear cases and impose punishments on those found guilty

  23. The Black Death (Bubonic Plague)1347-1350 • Struck every country in Europe killing almost one half of the population • 100,000 in Venice • 80,000 in Siena • 57,000 in Marseille • 80,000 in Paris • England, Spain, Switzerland, Rhine Valley, Scandinavian Countries

  24. Despair Everywhere! • Medieval Life was never the same! • Church was NOT the same either. . . • Many of the clergy died • Negative attitudes prevailed – where was God? • Somberness of liturgy and theology • Need to find meaning and hope in it

  25. Hope Prevailed in the Darkness • Many saints and mystics St. Teresa of Avila St. John of the Cross St. Ignatius of Loyola St. Thomas Aquinas

  26. Then. . .Western Schism or Will the Real Pope Please Stand Up? 1378-1417 • Papacy moved to Avignon, France in 1305 for political reasons (Pope Clement V) • Remained there for 70 years! 7 legitimate popes resided there • Lots of conflict and corruption

  27. All Frenchmen! Clement V, John XXII, (Nicholas V), Benedict XII, Clement VI, Innocent VI, Urban V, Gregory XI

  28. “The Great Western Schism” • Pope Gregory XI moved it back to Rome in 1378 and then died; Pope Urban VI elected • French hated him so they elected another pope: Clement VIII – who moved back to Avignon

  29. Meanwhile. . . Will the real pope please stand up???? • Clement declared an antipope; successor was Benedict, successor was another Clement. . . • BENEDICT in Rome? OR GREGORY in France? • Both out! • Counsel of Pisa – election of Alexander V • Then John XXIII (declared an antipope) • Then finally Martin V - back in Rome

  30. Effects of Crusades, Inquisition, Bubonic Plague, Great Western Schism • WEAKENING OF THE PAPACY • WEAKENING OF THE AUTHORITY OF THE CHURCH • UNREST. . .DOUBT. . .FEAR! • A SPLINTERED CHURCH. . . AND . . . MUCH BIGGER SPLINTERING TO COME!

  31. TO BE CONTINUED. . . NEXT WEEK: THE RENAISSANCE, THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION AND ON TO MODERN ERA

More Related