Weather and climate

1. Weather and climate • Francisca Gabela 8D

2. Weather: The weather is all around us, its important in our life and it cant be control. Instead the weather controls where we live, what we do, what we eat an even what we wear. *Weather is the state of the atmosphere at any time. * The weather can change frequently depending on the temperature of the days *Weather is not the same everywhere it may be shiny in one part and snowy in another. *It includes temperature, precipitation, air pressure and cloud cover *Changes in the weather are cause by winds and storms *Without the sun we wouldn't have weather, the earth is the third planet closes to the sun, so the temperature is sustainable for us to live. * People that studies the weather are called meteorologists.

3. Climate: Climate Is the average weather in a place over a long period of time, it takes hundred of years to change. when we say Deserts have a hot and dry climate we now this state of temperature because it has been like this for a long time so it know and a dry climate. In this chart we know if the climate is Tropical, Dry, Temperate, Cold or polar because it has been measured over a long period of time and it dosent changes as fast as weather does.

4. Human Impact on Climate Humans actions are producing climate change, new technology are causing the world to get warmer. *Climate change is affecting our geological, biological and ecological systems *Bringing many alterations to the world Changes are now occurring: Loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level and more intense heat waves. Burning of fossil fuels, carbon dioxide and green house emission are affecting our environment as our climate. The weather is not regular and it affects agriculture and food production Earth keeps going warmer and it would continue if we don't stop it. Over this years carbon dioxide has increased from fossil fuel by the use in transportation, building heating and cooling *Greenhouse gases and aerosols- alter energy balance *warming or cooling- climate system

6. Precipitation: (Also known as one of the classes of hydrometeors) When water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore this process is called precipitation. It occurs when part of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor * Water vapor that falls under gravity Precipitation is very common phenomenon * With precipitation we get rain or snow Precipitation includes drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail, any form of water that falls into the earths surface. Precipitation helps maintain the atmosphere balance Without precipitation all of the land in our planet would be a desert. * Precipitation helps farmers grow crops *Provides fresh water supply for us to drink. Precipitation can also have some negative impacts toward us, too much rain and snow can cause flooding and traffic accidents

7. Temperature *Temperature is the measurement of how cold or hot something or somewhere is, we measure temperature by using a thermometer withFahrenheit (ºF) or Celsius (ºC) scales *When the temperature of an object increases its particles begin to move faster and when the temperature decreases it molecules start to move slower *Heat can change the temperature of an object making the temperature go higher.

8. The Effect of Clouds on Weather and Climate The process of condensation forms clouds this happens when water becomes vapor. There are different types of clouds that have different impacts on the climate and weather of a certain place. There are low clouds, middle clouds, high clouds and clouds with vertical development. Low clouds: *Stratus Clouds: This clouds often cover the entire sky- they resemble fog that does not reach the ground *Nimbostratus clouds It looks like dark gray and it often falls with rain or snow

9. Middle clouds *Altocumulus clouds: Middle level cloud made of water droplets, this clouds appear in a war and summer day, thy look puffy and sometimes are spread apart. *Altostratus clouds: This clouds are made of ice crystals and water droplets, altostratus cover all the sky and in some parts of these clouds the sun can be visible in a form of a disk making a contrast of color that makes this clouds red or orange.

11. clouds with vertical development. Cumulus cloud: Very puffy and looks like cotton, these clouds grow upward and have a round end. Cumulonimbus clouds: Thunderstorm clouds and they grow vertically

12. Types of clouds

13. El Niño El niño is when the water near the equator gets hotter tan usual, this affects the atmosphere ant the weather all around the world. El niño occurs every few years and they are not predictable, el niño makes huge notable changes in the weather, this pattern brings rain and higher temperatures, it can bring warmer winter in the north of the USA. El niño also heats the northern part of the ocean in the United states and we are able to see this effect happening when we see all the fish going to the west. La Niña La Niña is the opposite of El Niño, instead of the water getting hot it gets colder than usual. La Niña affects weather around the globe and in the U.S. Scientists had proved that La Niña create a active hurricane season in the Atlantic.

14. Wind The air around us its always moving, wind is when the air moves, it can move slowly creating a breeze or it can move faster creating more powerful winds. We can not see the wind but we are able ti see what wind does, for example it moves the leaves of the trees or it makes us colder. The wind can also determinate how the weather is, if the day has a strong and cold wind then that day would be cold but if the wind isn't to strong it could be a warmer day. wind direction One way to measure the direction of the wind is by using a wind vane. This equipment is made by metal and is places above ground. The wind vane shows the 4 principal directions, North, East, South and West and have a moveable arm that can point in any direction. Yo will find in what direction the wind is traveling by looking at the direction the arm is pointing. Wind vane

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