pH and Redox

1. pH and Redox

2. 2. Hair will dissolve completely___. • in a very strong acid only • in a very strong base only • in either a strong acid or a strong base • even in a very weak acid • in an acid or a base of ANY strength

3. 3. A sample of pure water contains ___. • more OH – ions than H+ ions • more H+ ions than OH – ions • only H2O molecules and NO ions of any kind • equal numbers of OH – and H+ ions • only H+ ions and NO OH – ions

4. 4. A pH of 1.0 or 2.0 BEST represents ___. • a strong acid • a weak acid • a strong base • a weak base • a neutral solution

5. 5. When a substance has had its pH adjusted to that of hair or skin it is advertised as being ___. • alkaline • acidic • neutral • pH balanced • a detergent

6. 6. Mildly acidic solutions ___ • cause the hair to dissolve • are good for cleaning the hair • should never be used on the hair • cause the hair’s cuticle to swell • make the hair’s cuticle smooth

7. 7. What portion of a strand of hair would have the lowest pH? • nearest to the scalp • nearest to the end • about in the middle between the scalp and the end • This is a trick! Hair is solid and has no pH value!!

8. 8. In order to check the pH of a substance that substance must contain ___. • dry mixtures • combustible mixtures • water • acid • viscous mixtures

9. 9. On the pH scale, neutral ___. • is pH 0 • is pH 7 • is pH 14 • different for every substance • occurs when there is more H+ than OH –

10. 10. An acid ___. • Might have a pH of 10 • Could be used to neutralize pure water • could be used to neutralize a base • Could be used to neutralize something that was alkaline • Both 3 and 4 are correct

11. 11. A solution becomes more basic as ___. • the OH – ion concentration decreases • the OH – ion concentration increases • the H+ ion concentration increases • the alkalinity decreases • None of the above are correct.

12. 12. Hair has a pH of about 14. • TRUE • FALSE

13. 13. A substance that has gained oxygen or lost hydrogen has been: • neutralized • atomized • oxidized • reduced • buffered

14. 14. A product that has been pH balanced to match the skin’s pH ___. • will definitely cause an allergic reaction. • will definitely not cause an allergic reaction. • may still cause an allergic reaction.

15. 15. The pH of healthy, normal skin is: • very basic • very alkaline • very acidic • a little acidic to a little basic • Both 1 and 2 are correct

16. 16. pH is actually an abbreviation for ___. • plenty of hydrogen • plenty of hydroxide • positive health • potential hydroxide • potential hydrogen

17. 17. Ammonium thioglycolate is a commonly used ___. • oxidizing agent • reducing agent • buffer • acid • None of the above

18. 28. The sulfur bonds of hair are very sensitive to changes in pH between 2 and 9. • TRUE • FALSE

19. 19. A buffer is ___. • someone who will get between you and a friend when you have a fight • something that changes pH • something that decreases pH • something that resists changes in pH • something that increases pH

20. 20. A solution with a pH of 10 is ___ times less acidic than a solution with a pH of 6. • 10 • 100 • 1,000 • 10,000 • 100,000

21. 21. A solution is basic when ___. • OH – concentration is greater than H+ concentration • OH – concentration is less than H+ concentration • OH – concentration is equal to the H+ concentration • OH – concentration is at zero • OH – concentration has been neutralized

22. 22. A neutralization reaction is a reaction in which ___. • Combustion occurs • Only oxidation occurs • Only reduction occurs • Water ionizes • And acid and a base cancel each other out

23. 23. Bleaching, coloring, permanent waving and straightening all depend on ___. • the weather • oxidation-reduction reactions • combustion reactions • the size of the dye molecules • the will of the stylist

24. 24. When a reaction releases heat it is said to be ___. • heterogeneous • homogeneous • exothermic • endothermic • thermophilic

25. 25. Perborate and persulfate are both ___. • reducing agents • oxidizing agents • alkalizing agents • double agents • secret agents

26. 26. Hair Relaxers tend to have ___ pH numbers. • acidic • very small • neutral • very large • nonexistent

27. 27. Hair has no buffering capacity since it is not covered by the acid mantle and is, therefore, more apt to be damaged by changes in pH. • TRUE • FALSE

28. 28. When an acid and a base are mixed the products are always salt and water. This type of reaction is called a(n)___ reaction. • combustion • neutralization • ionization • Acid • Base

29. 29. A substance with a pH of 5 is __ times more basic than a substance with a pH of 4. • 20 • 100 • 10 • 1,000 • 15

30. 30. ___ is the hydroniumcation. • O+ • H3O+ • OH+ • OH – • H –

31. 31. Which of the following represents an anion? • NH3 • H+ • CO32+ • OH – • any charged atom or molecules

32. 32. The chemical equation shown below correctly represents ___. H2O → H+ + OH – • a neutralization reaction • the formation of a hydrogen peroxide • a reaction in which salt and water are the products (formed) • nothing • the ionization of water

33. 33. A combustion reaction is the rapid ___ of a substance accompanied by heat and light. • neutralization • ionization • oxidation

34. 34. The pH scale is ___ which means it increases by multiples of 10. 10 x 10 = 100 100 x 10 = 1,000 1,000 x 10 = 10,000 10,000 x 10 = 100,000 etc. • Algebraic • Geometric • Mathematic • Logarithmic

35. 34. The H+ concentration of an acid is ___ the H+ concentration of pure water • greater than • less than • equal to