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Group 1. What river did Ancient Egypt develop around? What makes the Nile River unique?. Group 2. What type of land is most of Egypt made up of?. Group 3. Explain why Upper and Lower Egypt may be confusing when looking at a map. Group 4.
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Group 1 • What river did Ancient Egypt develop around? • What makes the Nile River unique?
Group 2 • What type of land is most of Egypt made up of?
Group 3 • Explain why Upper and Lower Egypt may be confusing when looking at a map.
Group 4 • What natural barriers protected Egypt from invaders? • Where was Egypt vulnerable?
Group 5 • Where did most of the population in Egypt live?
Early Egyptian Life • Originally two kingdoms developed along the Nile: • Lower Egypt • Northern Nile • Good farmland • Copper mines in Sinai Peninsula • Upper Egypt • Southern Nile • Ruler named Menes • Conquered Lower Egypt, which led to unification • In 3100 BC Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt unified, forming one kingdom • The capital was built at Memphis Menes unified the two Kingdoms
Dynasties • Ancient Egyptian history divided into three parts: • Old Kingdom • Middle Kingdom • New Kingdom
Old Kingdom • Lasted from 2,575 BC – 2,120 BC • A time of peace and prosperity • Known as the “Age of the Pyramids” Old Kingdom “Step Pyramid”
Middle Kingdom • Lasted from 1938 BC – 1630 BC • Started when Amenemhet ended the rebellions after the Old Kingdom • Rebuilt a strong central government • Increased trade with neighbors
New Kingdom • Lasted from 1,580 BC – 1090 BC • Invaders tried to conquer Egypt, but the Egyptians drove them away • Hatshepsut was the first female ruler and increased Egypt’s wealth
Egypt is Conquered • Egypt’s power began to decline due to a weak government and poor leadership • Egypt lost its independence to the Assyrians and Persians around 1075 BCE
Ancient Egyptian Timeline From Discovery Ed. (Chapter 4.2)