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Energy – capacity to do work. Work – occurs when a force moves matter (never 100% efficient)

Energy – capacity to do work. Work – occurs when a force moves matter (never 100% efficient) A. Two forms: 1. kinetic – energy of movement. 2. potential – stored energy (can move). B. Four types of energy – interrelated and convertible 1. Electromagnetic- energy travels by waves

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Energy – capacity to do work. Work – occurs when a force moves matter (never 100% efficient)

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  1. Energy – capacity to do work. Work – occurs when a force moves matter (never 100% efficient) A. Two forms: 1. kinetic – energy of movement. 2. potential – stored energy (can move).

  2. B. Four types of energy – interrelated and convertible 1. Electromagnetic- energy travels by waves - distance peak to valley is wavelength. - frequency-waves per sec (hertz – Hz) -radiation, microwave, X-ray, MRI, UV, IR, visible light

  3. 2. Electrical – interaction between charged particles - movement of ions & e- -volt-measure of potential energy generated by barrier separating pos/neg charges. - physiology uses mV (=1/1000 V)

  4. 3. Chemical – potential energy in chemical bonds -catabolism (decomposition) large to small may release kinetic energy -anabolism (synthesis) consumes kinetic energy -exergonicvs endergonic

  5. 4. Thermal – random movement of atoms & molecules - increased movement increases thermal energy - Heat – energy passing from one substance to another - Temp measures heat transfer capacity - Measured in calories- heat energy required to raise 1ml (CC) water from 14.5 to 15.5oC. - Kcal – 1000 calories

  6. Two Categories of reactions 1. Exergonic (decomposition-catabolic) energy is released during the reaction (Rxn), reactants contain more energy than productes. * glucose C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 kcals ~ 40%of the energy converts ADP to ATP ~ 60% heat loss.

  7. 2. Endergonic – energy consumed, or put into the Rxn, products has more energy than reactants. * Glucose + energy  Lipids (stored in adipose for instance) - some glucose is used for building blocks and some may be used to provide kinetic energy to power the Rxn.

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