Ch. 14 Blood

1. Ch. 14 Blood • Intro to blood readings: • Book (CDC) “Universal Precautions” • OSHA website “Bloodborne Pathogens”

2. Underline or highlight answers Ch. 14 Blood- Introduction (pg. 82) 1. What are “universal precautions”? 2.What are some of the CDC’s recommendations to prevent infections? 3. What happens to a person afflicted with Marburg virus? 4. What is thought to have caused the spread of the Marburg virus? 5. Why is the Marburg virus so contagious? 6. Predict what may have happened if “universal precautions” were taken in regards to the Marburg outbreak.

3. What are “universal precautions”? • Specific measure that health-care workers should take to prevent transmission of bloodborne infectious agents in the workplace 2.What are some of the CDC’s recommendations to prevent infections? • Gloves/goggles/masks/fumehoods/sharps containers/ hand washing before and after procedures 3. What happens to a person afflicted with Marburg virus? • Headache/fever/vomiting/ bleeding from all openings, internally, and under the skin 4. What is thought to have caused the spread of the Marburg virus? • Contaminated medical equipment (re-using of needles) 5. Why is the Marburg virus so contagious? • Vomit/sweat/ saliva/ huge volumes of blood 6. Predict what may have happened if “universal precautions” were taken in regards to the Marburg outbreak. • Although highly contagious, probably wouldn’t have spread so rapidly

4. Twitter Talk Directions: You MUST keep your answer to 70 characters or less. Work as a table. Write answer on index card. Make sure we know what you are referencing. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) 1. What are blood borne pathogens? • 2 examples: 2. How might one be exposed to a blood borne pathogen? 3. What can be done to control exposure to blood borne pathogens? 4. If you are potentially exposed to any hazardous materials what should you do?

5. 1. What are blood borne pathogens? • 2 examples: Mrs. McCobb’s Favorite Answers: • Bloodborne pathogens= infectious diseases in blood • ex: BBV HIV • Blood born pathogens r infectious microorganisms in human blood Ex. HIV & HBV • Microorganisms in blood th@ cause dizees in humans #Bloodbornpathogns #HIV #HCV • Pathogens r infectious organisms in human blood causing diseases like HBV & HCV

6. 2. How might one be exposed to a blood borne pathogen? Mrs. McCobb’s Favorite Answers: • How mi8 1 b xposed 2 blod born pathogens? Needlesticks & othr sharps injuries may expose • One could be exposed to Hazmat by (needles) and other sharp objects • Needles & Sharps related injuries expose workers 2 bloodborne pathogens • Sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens

7. 3. What can be done to control exposure to blood borne pathogens? Mrs. McCobb’s Favorite Answers: • If exposed 2 Hazmat, wash area w/ water & soap or skin disinfectant • U must always make strict guidelines to reduce any exposure to #BloodbornePathogens • Keep clear from blood disease w/ protective clothes, vaccines #signs #labels • Eliminating or minimizing employee exposure #exposurecontrolplan

8. 4. If you are potentially exposed to any hazardous materials what should you do? Mrs. McCobb’s Favorite Answers: • If exposed 2 hazzardous material U shud clean exposed area & get med attention ASAP • If exposed to hazmat, flood area with soap & water and report immediately • Report 2 employer & seek immediate medical attention when exposed to hazmat • If potentially xposed 2 any hazmat material #cleanriteaway • If injured, quickly flood the area w/ H20 & clean w/ soap. Tell employer & get med help

9. Angola Marburg Outbreak 8m30s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArvRd6VejRI

10. 14.1 Blood and Blood Cells 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 83 Topic: 14.1 Blood and Blood Cells Essential Questions: 1. On pg. 82: Please create a bubble-map of the functions and components of blood

11. On the bottom of pg. 82 Please make a bubble map with everything you know about blood: Blood

12. On the bottom of pg. 82 Please make a bubble map with everything you know about blood: Transports gases Hemoglobin RBC Circulatory System Blood Platelets Heart Helps maintain body heat Veins WBC Arteries Capillaries

13. Blood has many vital functions: • Transports nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and hormones • Helps maintain the stability of the interstitial fluid • Distributes heat • Link the bodies internal and external environments • Provides HOMEOSTASIS

14. Blood is slightly heavier and 3-4 times more viscous (vis-cus) or having a thick, sticky consistency, than water

15. Blood Cells: • formed mostly in red bone marrow • Three types: • red blood cells • white blood cells • platelets (cell fragments)

16. The Components of Blood and Their Importance (52s) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sKZWqsUpw

17. Blood Volume • varies with: • body size • changes in fluid and electrolyte concentration • amount of adipose (Fat) tissue • about 8% of body weight • average size adult has about 5 liters

18. Blood Composition If a blood sample sits in a tube and is prevented from clotting, the cells separate from the liquid portion of the blood and settle at the bottom

19. Centrifuging quickly packs the cells into the lower part of the centrifuge tube • The percentage of cells and liquid in the blood sample can then be calculated

20. A blood sample is usually about 45% red blood cells by volume • This % is called the hematocrit (Hemat-ocrit) or HCT • The remaining 55% of a blood sample is clear, straw-colored plasma

21. Origin of Blood Cells • Blood cells originate in red bone marrow • From hemocytoblasts or hematopoietic stem cells • Stem cells can divide to give rise to specialized cells as well as more stem cells