PREAMBLE OF ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

1. PREAMBLE OFENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

2. INDEX • PREAMBLE STRUCTURE • HOLLISTIC FIX • KEY CONCEPT • KEY RESEARCH AREA • KEY APPLICATION • RESEARCH • HOW WE STUDY • PROJECTS ONE CAN DO • TRENDS 2

3. Why Study Chemistry? • Because understanding chemistry helps you to understand the world around you. Cooking is chemistry. Everything you can touch or taste or smell is a chemical. When you study chemistry, you come to understand a bit about how things work. Chemistry isn't secret knowledge, useless to anyone but a scientist. It's the explanation for everyday things, like why laundry detergent works better in hot water or how baking soda works or why not all pain relievers work equally well on a headache. If you know some chemistry, you can make educated choices about everyday products that you use. • Chemistry is a huge field, commonly broken up into various subjects. Learn about the different subjects of chemistry, such as organic chemistry, biochemistry, chemical engineering, physical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. Chemical Engineering is covered here, too. You'll even find lecture notes and course information for specialized fields, like spectroscopy, geochemistry, and astrochemistry.

4. HOLISTIC FIX OF CHEMISTRY Holistic Fix • How to Study Better, Understand More and Actually “Get” What You Want to Learn

5. Lewis Dot Symbols Octect Rule Writing Lewis Structure Formal Charge &LewisStructure The Ionic Bond Lattice Energy of Ionic Bond The Covalent Bond Electronegativity The Concept of Resonance Exceptions to Octect Rule Bond Energy HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES Chemical Bonding 5

6. Solid State Chemistry States of Matter Unit Cell Crystal Lattice Density of Unit Cell Classification of Crystals Allotropes of Carbon HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

7. Reaction Kinetics Components of Reaction How Reaction Proceeds Types of Reaction The Rate of a Reaction The Rate Law Reaction Mechanisms The Transition States Mathematical Models to Represent the Reaction Rates HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

8. Phase Rule System & Surroundings Homogenous & Heterogeneous Systems Basic Thermodynamics System Equilibriums Physical Variables & its Dependability on Systems HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

9. Electrochemistry & Corrosion Oxidation & Reduction Redox Reactions Galvanic Cells Standard Reduction Potential Spontaneity of Redox Reactions Emf Electrolysis Introduction of Corrosion HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

10. Organic Reactions & Their Mechanisms Classes of Organic Compounds Aliphatic & Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bond Fission Electronic Displacement in Covalent Bond Types of Organic Reactions Named Reactions HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

11. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds Structural Formula of Organic Compounds Isomerism and its Types Introduction of Conformation Configuration HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

12. Polymers Introduction of Polymerisation Classification of Polymers Plastics and Resins Applications of Polymers HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

13. Organometallic Compounds Introduction Metals and Non-Metals Grignard Reagent HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

14. Analytical Chemistry Quantitative & Qualitative Analysis Units of Concentration Introduction of Micro, Semi-micro & Macro Analysis Volumetric Analysis Indicator & its Types HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

15. Water Treatment Water and its Sources Nature of Water Water Quality Parameters Potable Water Hard and Soft Water HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

16. Fuels Intoduction & Sources Classification Calorific Value Coal Biomass HOLLISTIC FIX – PRE-REQUISITES

17. Unit 1: Chemical Bonding & State of Matter • Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of bonds. It is essential that we know what bonds are before we can understand any chemical reaction. To understand bonds, we will first describe several of their properties. The bond strength tells us how hard it is to break a bond. Bond lengths give us valuable structural information about the positions of the atomic nuclei. • Solids are characterized by compressibility, rigidity and mechanical strength. The molecules, atoms or ions that make up a solid closely packed. They are held together by a strong cohesive forces and cannot move at random. This information is necessary for student.

18. Unit 2 Reaction Kinetics, Phase rule, Electrochemistry and corrosion • Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the study of rates of chemical processes. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how different experimental conditions can influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction. • Phase rule is applicable to all heterogenous system. This rule was deduced on the basis of thermodynamics. • Corrosion is the disintegration of an engineered material into its constituent atoms due to chemical reactions with its surroundings. In the most common use of the word, this means electrochemical oxidation of metals in reaction with an oxidant such as oxygen. Formation of an oxide of iron due to oxidation of the iron atoms in solid solution is a well-known example of electrochemical corrosion, commonly known as rusting.

19. Unit 3 Structural and mechanistic concepts of Organic Reactions • Organic Chemistry is a discipline within chemistry that involves the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. These compounds may contain any number of other elements, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well as phosphorus, silicon and sulfur. Organic compounds are structurally diverse, and the range of application of organic compounds is enormous. They form the basis of, or are important constituents of many products (paints, plastics, food, explosives, drugs, petrochemicals, to name but a few) and, with very few exceptions, they form the basis of all earthly life processes. Organic chemistry, like all areas of science, evolves with particular waves of innovation. These innovations are motivated by practical considerations as well as theoretical innovations

20. Unit 4 Polymers and Organometallics • Historically, polymer materials were characterized solely by their bulk properties including stiffness, elongation, gas permeability, impact and modulus. Because the bulk polymers were essentially homogeneous, characterization of substructure was not important. Recent advances in polymer science require advanced methods for polymer micro and nano structure characterization.

21. Unit 5: Analytical methods and Fuels • Analytical chemistry is the study of the chemical composition of natural and artificial materials. Properties studied in analytical chemistry include geometric features such as molecular morphologies and distributions of species, as well as features such as composition and species identity. Unlike the sub disciplines inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry, analytical chemistry (like physical chemistry) is not restricted to any particular type of chemical compound or reaction.The contributions made by analytical chemists have played critical roles in the sciences ranging from the development of concepts and theories (pure science) to a variety of practical applications, such as biomedical applications, environmental monitoring, quality control of industrial manufacturing and forensic science (applied science). A fuel is any compound that has stored energy. This energy is captured in chemical bonds through processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. Energy is released during oxidation. The most common form of oxidation is the direct reaction of a fuel with oxygen through combustion. Wood, gasoline, coal , and any number of other fuels have energy-rich chemical bonds created using the energy from the Sun , which is released when the fuel is burned (i.e., the release of chemical energy). Chemical fuels or the fossil fuels are useful reserve of fuels and are therefore used extensively to satisfy the demands of an energy-dependent civilization.

22. Key Concept & Key Research area • We could use chemistry in most fields like Analytical Chemistry, Food & Cooking Chemistry, Astrochemistry,Geochemistry,Biochemistry,Chemical Engineering , Inorganic Chemistry, Jewelry Chemistry , Medical Chemistry, Chromatography ands Metals & Alloys. But it's commonly seen in the sciences and in medicine. Chemists, physicists, biologists, and engineers study chemistry. Doctors, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, physical therapists, and veterinarians all take chemistry courses. Science teachers study chemistry. Fire fighters and people who make fireworks learn about chemistry. So do truck drivers, plumbers, artists, hairdressers, chefs... the list is extensive.

23. KEY APPLICATIONS • In public health department – Chlorination, Hardness of water,Prepration of vitamins , Packaging of materials. • In mechanical engineering- Use of soft water to generate electricity through boilers,Identification of suitable materials for manufacturing the different machines. • In Chemical engineering – Manufacturing of different Chemicals, Oils,Medicines,Lubricants. • In textile engineering Preparation of dyes, Fabrics etc • Preparation of different polymers which have become essential in daily lifeof man after air, water and food. • In software engineering- Many polymeric materials are used for making different parts of Computer,C.Ds ,etc. • In electrical engineering- For preparation of different conducting polymers.

24. HOW WE STUDY......? 24

25. RELEVANT REFERENCE BOOKS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY • By Glasstone • By Walter J. Moore • By A.J. Mee • By Barrow • By Puri and Sharma • By Bahl and Tuli

26. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY • By I.L.Finar • By Morrison Boyd • By Vogel • By P.S. Kalsi • By P.L. Soni and H.M. Chawla

27. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY • By Cotton and Wilkinson • By J.D. Lee • By Dr. Satya Prakash • By Soni P.L. and Katyl M. • By Sharma and Puri

28. PROJECTS ONE CAN DO • Viscosity of different chemicals • Energy Conversion {Mathura Refinery} • Synthesis of Bio degradable polymers • Sewage gas plant • Bio fuels • Modern Dyes • High efficient detergents • Links:The T.W.I.N.K.I.E.S. Project:

29. General Web Resources • How Stuff Works: • Chemistry in Everyday Life • Relevant Chemistry Resources: • WebElements: • ChemTutor:

30. TRENDS • Study of Reactions in non-aqueous solvents • Develoment of nano-materials and its applications • Study of fullerenes and its applications in various fields • Application of acidhydrazides and liquid crystals in cancer

31. THANK YOU 31