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U.S. Imperialism

U.S. Imperialism. The “New” Diplomacy. Monroe Doctrine - 1823. Cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere USA warned Europe NOT to interfere in Western Hemisphere - no new colonies! would be considered a threat to the peace and safety of the U.S.

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U.S. Imperialism

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  1. U.S. Imperialism The “New” Diplomacy

  2. Monroe Doctrine - 1823 • Cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere • USA warned Europe NOT to interfere in Western Hemisphere - no new colonies! • would be considered a threat to the peace and safety of the U.S. • U.S. won’t interfere in Europe or with existing colonies (isolationism)

  3. Theodore Roosevelt’s “Big Stick Policy” • T.Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine • U.S. would not allow foreign nations to collect debts by force • U.S. would intervene and collect the debts for them → U.S. acted as International Police Power • “Speak softly but carry a big stick; you will go far”

  4. “Policeman of the Western Hemisphere”

  5. Theodore Roosevelt and the “Big Stick” policy

  6. Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

  7. Example: Roosevelt and the Panama Canal • Attempts to negotiate a deal with Colombia to build a canal through the province of Panama failed • Roosevelt supported an uprising in Panama by sending the US navy to park off the coast • Panama → independent and signed agreement for US to construct canal

  8. Construction of the Canal was an accomplishment of modern technology

  9. Importance of the Canal • Move navy from ocean to ocean - no need for 2 ocean fleet • Greatly reduced the time for goods to be transported • US better able to protect its interests

  10. Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy • Mildly expansionist • Depended on investors’ dollars rather than military power • Goal: to promote U.S. trade by supporting American businesses overseas

  11. Examples of Dollar Diplomacy • 1911 – attempted to have American bankers included in international plan to invest in railroads in China • 1912-Taft ordered Marines into Nicaragua when civil war threatened to prevent repayment of US bank loan

  12. Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy • A moral approach to foreign affairs • Opposed imperialism, the “big stick” and dollar diplomacy • U.S. would respect other nations’ rights and would support the spread of democracy • Goal: Do the right thing and lead by example

  13. Examples of Moral Diplomacy • 1916 - In the Philippines- territorial status and promised independence • 1917 - Puerto Rico- U.S. citizenship granted to Puerto Rican people; granted limited self-government • 1914 - Panama Canal – Congress repealed law granting U.S. ships exemption from paying tolls

  14. 1915 – sent Marines into Haiti civil war 1917 – sent Marines into the Dominican Republic In Mexico – “Watchful Waiting” – for government supporting civil rights & free elections 1914 – U.S. troops sent to occupy the Mexican port of Vera Cruz 1916 – Pancho Villa raided New Mexico, killing 19 Americans; Wilson sent forces into northern Mexico until 1917 Moral Diplomacy failed

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