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Astronomy

Astronomy. Solar System. Solar system - Assemblage of celestial bodies made up of a central star and the satellites that orbit it. Our Solar System Contains:. An average-sized star (the Sun) 8 major satellites (planets) Numerous small satellites (ex. asteroids, comets and meteoroids).

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Astronomy

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  1. Astronomy

  2. Solar System • Solar system- Assemblage of celestial bodies made up of a central star and the satellites that orbit it

  3. Our Solar System Contains: • An average-sized star (the Sun) • 8 major satellites (planets) • Numerous small satellites (ex. asteroids, comets and meteoroids)

  4. Our Solar System

  5. 8 Planets

  6. 8 Planets • All the planets orbit the Sun in the same direction and in an elliptical orbit • Elliptical orbit resembles a flattened circle and means that the planets do NOT stay a constant distance from the sun

  7. Moon • Moon-Naturally occurring satellite that orbits a planet • The planet Earth has 1 moon • Some planets have many moons (Ex. Jupiter and Saturn) Saturn’s moons

  8. Moon’s Orbit

  9. Phases of the Earth’s Moon • The moon orbits the Earth in almost 28 days which creates the phases of the moon • Phases of the moon-Sequence of illumination of the moon as viewed from Earth

  10. The same side of the moon is always facing the Earth

  11. Facts About Earth • Rotates on its axis every 24 hours • Orbits the sun every 365.25 days

  12. Facts Continued • Earth’s axis is tilted at about 23° • The tilting creates the 4 seasons since different parts of the Earth are oriented towards the Sun at different times of the year.

  13. Facts Continued • When the Earth’s northern hemisphere reaches its maximum orientation with respect to the Sun, it’s called the Summer Solstice • Summer Solstice-Longest calendar day • When the Earth’s northern hemisphere reaches its minimum orientation with respect to the Sun, it’s called Winter Solstice • Winter Solstice-Shortest calendar day

  14. Solstices and Equinoxes

  15. Eclipse • An eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth and moon align themselves in certain positions

  16. Solar Eclipse • Solar Eclipse occurs when the moon comes between the Sun and Earth

  17. Lunar Eclipse • A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and the moon

  18. Other Bodies in the Solar System • Asteroid-Much smaller astronomical body that orbits the Sun • Most occur in the asteroid belt located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

  19. Asteroid Belt

  20. Other Bodies in the Solar System • Comet-Small astronomical object made largely of ice. • Solar radiation from the Sun can vaporize the icy material to produce a comet tail called a coma

  21. Other Bodies in the Solar System • Meteoroid-Small object between the size of a rock and a dust particle • When a meteoroid enters an atmosphere, the intense heating caused by friction with the air causes the meteoroid to vaporize and creates a streak of light called a meteor

  22. Galaxies • Galaxy-Cluster of stars, gas clouds, and dust that are held together by their gravitational forces • Our solar system is part of the Milky Way Galaxy

  23. Galaxies • To help discuss distances in space, astronomers use the light year • Light year-The distance that light travels in space in 1 Earth year (About 9.5 trillion kilometers) • The diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy is said to be 100,000 light years!

  24. Milky Way Galaxy

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