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What is the Difference Between Network and Spectrum Analyzers?

8563A. SPECTRUM ANALYZER 9 kHz - 26.5 GHz. Amplitude Ratio. Amplitude. Network analyzers: measure components, devices, circuits, sub-assemblies contain source and receiver display ratioed amplitude and phase (frequency or power sweeps) offer advanced error correction.

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What is the Difference Between Network and Spectrum Analyzers?

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  1. 8563A SPECTRUM ANALYZER 9 kHz - 26.5 GHz Amplitude Ratio Amplitude Network analyzers: • measure components, devices, circuits, sub-assemblies • contain source and receiver • display ratioed amplitude and phase(frequency or power sweeps) • offer advanced error correction Spectrum analyzers: • measure signal amplitude characteristicscarrier level, sidebands, harmonics...) • can demodulate (& measure) complex signals • are receivers only (single channel) • can be used for scalar component test (nophase) with tracking gen. or ext. source(s) Frequency Frequency What is the Difference Between Network and Spectrum Analyzers? . Measures unknown signals Measures known signal

  2. Overview Types of Tests Made Modulation Noise Distortion

  3. Overview Frequency versus Time Domain Amplitude (power) frequency time Time domain Measurements Frequency Domain Measurements

  4. f f 2 1 Overview Different Types of Analyzers Swept Analyzer Filter 'sweeps' over range of interest A CRT shows full spectral display f

  5. Theory of Operation Spectrum Analyzer Block Diagram RF input attenuator IF gain IF filter detector mixer Input signal Log Amp Pre-Selector Or Low Pass Filter video filter local oscillator sweep generator Crystal Reference CRT display

  6. MIXER + f f f - f sig sig LO LO f sig f f sig LO f LO Theory of Operation Mixer input RF IF LO

  7. Theory of Operation IF Filter IF FILTER Input Spectrum IF Bandwidth (RBW) Display

  8. Theory of Operation Detector DETECTOR amplitude "bins" Positive detection: largest value in bin displayed Negative detection: smallest value in bin displayed Sample detection: last value in bin displayed

  9. Theory of Operation Video Filter VIDEO FILTER

  10. Theory of Operation Other Components LO SWEEP GEN frequency CRT DISPLAY RF INPUT ATTENUATOR IF GAIN

  11. f s f f f - f f LO + LO s LO s f s f s f IF f LO 0 1 2 3 (GHz) Theory of Operation How it all works together LO Range Signal Range 0 1 2 3 (GHz) IF filter 0 1 5 6 4 2 3 mixer detector 3.6 6.5 input 3.6 sweep generator A LO f 6 5 CRT display (GHz) 4 3 3.6 6.5

  12. Specifications Sensitivity/DANL Effective Level of Displayed Noise is a Function of RF Input Attenuation signal level 10 dB Attenuation = 20 dB Attenuation = 10 dB Signal-To-Noise Ratio Decreases as RF Input Attenuation is Increased

  13. 10 dB 10 dB Specifications Sensitivity/DANL: IF Filter (RBW) Displayed Noise is a Function of IF Filter Bandwidth 100 kHz RBW 10 kHz RBW 1 kHz RBW Decreased BW = Decreased Noise

  14. Specifications Sensitivity/DANL: VBW Video BW Smoothes Noise for Easier Identification of Low Level Signals

  15. Specifications Sensitivity/DANL For Best Sensitivity Use: • Narrowest Resolution BW • Minimum RF Input Attenuation • Sufficient Video Filtering(Video BW < .01 Res BW)

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