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Chemistry C2 Part Four

Chemistry C2 Part Four. Revision PowerPoint - Big ideas Acids, alkalis and making salts. The pH scale. pH 14. pH 1. pH 7. Acidity and the pH scale. Acids have a pH of less than 7 and are neutralised by bases . Alkalis are soluble bases. Alkalis have a pH greater than 7 .

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Chemistry C2 Part Four

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  1. Chemistry C2 Part Four Revision PowerPoint - Big ideas Acids, alkalis and making salts

  2. The pH scale pH 14 pH 1 pH 7

  3. Acidity and the pH scale • Acids have a pH of less than 7 and are neutralised by bases. • Alkalis are soluble bases. Alkalis have a pH greater than 7. • Water is neutral, pH7

  4. Acids and alkalis • Acids contain hydrogen ions, H+ • Alkalis contain hydroxide ions, OH–. • These react together to form water.

  5. Acid + Base = Neutralisation! • Metal oxides or hydroxides are bases; ammonia is also a base. • Bases react with the hydrogen ions produced by the acidsH+ + OH–→ H2O2H+ + O2–→ H2O

  6. Making a salt • Salts form when acids react with bases, alkalis or reactive metals. • e.g. Acid + Reactive metalMg + H2SO4→ MgSO4 + H2 • e.g. Acid + BaseCuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O

  7. Making soluble salts Soluble salts are prepared by neutralisation (1) followed by crystallisation (3).e.g. copper sulphateCuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O

  8. Precipitation reactions • Insoluble salts are made by precipitation reactions. • Precipitation of clay is used in water treatment.

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