Chapter 20: The Effects of Tobacco Use

1. Chapter 20: The Effects of Tobacco Use

2. Key Terms • Nicotine • Stimulant • Carcinogen • Tar • Carbon Monoxide • Smokeless Tobacco • Leukoplakia • Nicotine Withdrawal • Nicotine Substitute

3. Key Terms, cont. • Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)- air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke • Mainstream Smoke • Sidestream Smoke

4. What’s in a cigarette?? • Cigarettes contain 43 known carcinogens, including cyanide, formaldehyde, and arsenic. • Cigarettes also contain poisonous chemicals used in insecticides, paint, toilet cleaners, antifreeze, and explosives.

5. How Tobacco Effects The Body • Changes in brain chemistry • Increased respiration and heart rate • Dulled taste buds and reduced appetite • Bad breathe and smelly hair, clothes, and skin • Chronic Bronchitis • Emphysema • Lung Cancer • Coronary heart disease and stroke

6. Why does the body want more? • The constriction of the blood vessels causes a mild high. When the vessels return to normal, there is a sensation of restlessness and irritation. The smoker or oral tobacco user does not like the discomfort and will repeat the behavior that produced the pleasure. This causes a cycle of use that becomes habitual. The frequent use builds up an addiction to nicotine.

7. Other Consequences • Legal consequences– illegal under the age of 18 • Social consequences– many places are banning smoking from social settings (i.e. restaurants, etc.) • Financial consequences– someone who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day can spend more than $1,500 each year just on cigarettes.

8. Strategies for Preventing Use of Tobacco • Choose friends who don’t use tobacco • Avoid situations where tobacco products may be used • Practice and use refusal skills

9. Reasons Teens May Use • Cope with times of stress or crisis • Weight control • Peer pressure • Media • Imitate or model someone else

10. Reasons Teens May Quit • They begin to have health problems, such as asthma or respiratory infections. • They have the desire, will, and commitment to stop. • They realize how expensive the habit is. • They realize that using tobacco can lead to other risky behaviors, such as the use of alcohol and other drugs. • They realize the damaging effects of secondhand smoke.

11. Benefits of Quitting • Within 20 minutes blood pressure and pulse rates drop. • Within 8 hours oxygen levels return to normal. • In 24 hours the chance of heart attack begins to decrease. • In 48 hours nerve endings begin to regrow. Senses of taste and smell improve.

12. Benefits of Quitting, cont. • In 3 days breathing becomes easier as lung capacity increases. • Within 2 weeks to 3 months lungs function up to 30 percent better. • Within 1 to 9 months lung cilia regrow, and coughing, sinus congestion, and shortness of breath decrease. • In 1 year the risk of coronary heart disease is cut in half. • In 5 years the risk of lung cancer and cancers of the mouth, throat, and esophagus is reduced by 50 percent. • In 10 years the risk of cancer of the bladder, kidney, cervix, and pancreas decreases.

13. Hookah • Although many believe that the water in the hookah filters out all the "bad stuff" in the tobacco smoke, this isn't true. According to a World Health Organization advisory, a typical one-hour session of hookah smoking exposes the user to 100 to 200 times the volume of smoke inhaled from a single cigarette. Even after passing through water, tobacco smoke still contains high levels of toxic compounds, including carbon monoxide, heavy metals and cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens). Hookah smoking also delivers significant levels of nicotine — the addictive substance in tobacco. • The Mayo Clinic

14. Conclusion • Consequences of tobacco use • Benefits of quitting • Reasons teens may use • Questions??