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CHAPTER 28 Communication

CHAPTER 28 Communication. Oral Communications. Communication is the transfer of ideas, messages or facts between people. Oral Communications. Advantages. Disadvantages. Speed: it is a quick and easy way to exchange information. There is no record of the conversation or agreements reached.

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CHAPTER 28 Communication

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  1. CHAPTER 28 Communication

  2. Oral Communications Communication is the transfer of ideas, messages or facts between people. Oral Communications R. Delaney Advantages Disadvantages Speed: it is a quick and easy way to exchange information There is no record of the conversation or agreements reached Direct questions cannot be ignored People may make hasty decisions in order to save time Clarifications can be sought and given instantly People may easily forget essential details of a conversation and later disagree on the outcome Allows for “eyeballing”

  3. Examples of Oral Communications Person-to-person conversations One-to-one telephone conversations Intercom system Meetings Videoconferences Teleconferences R. Delaney

  4. Written Communications R. Delaney Advantages Disadvantages There is a permanent record of views and opinions expressed. Slows down decision-making as much time may be lost in exchanging correspondence Correspondence received may be ignored. People have time to give serious consideration to points raised before replying. Confidential information that is kept on files may fall into the wrong hands.

  5. Examples of Written Communications R. Delaney Board notices Letters Memos Business documents E-mail Reports Facsimiles (fax) Newspapers and magazines Text messaging Websites

  6. Letter Writing R. Delaney 20 High St, Naas Co. Kildare Phone: 045 23456 Email: home@gmail.com Fax: 045 2348 1. Sender’s contact details 13/5/2012 2. Date To: John Greene All Weather Doors Ltd Main St, Newbridge Co. Kildare 3. Name and address of addressee 4. Salutation Dear John Last March I ordered a new aluminium patio door from your company 5. Introduction On signing the contract I gave your company a deposit of €100 and two weeks later the door was installed by one of your apprentice fitters. On completion of the work I paid the balance of €450 by credit card. After a week I noticed that the door did not seal properly and within two months the door developed spots of rust. 6. Main body 7. Expected response At this stage I require either a complete replacement of the door or a return of the money paid by me. 8. Final paragraph I enclose a copy of the receipt of payment. Yours sincerely, Miriam Kennedy 9. Closure

  7. Report Writing A report is a written account of the outcome of an examination or analysis of a particular topic. Its content is similar to that of a letter, with some minor exceptions. It should contain: Sender’s contact details Date Full name (or title) and address of the addressee Title Terms of reference (purpose of the report) The main body of report should outline the methodology followed and, where applicable, calculations used. Recommendations based on the report’s contents Formal closure R. Delaney

  8. Internal communications Internal communication is any form of communication that allows people within an organisation to communicate with each other. Internal communication involves: A downward flow of information, i.e. from the Board of Directors down to the general employees. An upward flow of information, i.e. from the general employees up to the Board of Directors. A lateral flow of information, i.e. the flow of information between people who are working at the same level within the firm. R. Delaney

  9. External Communications External communication is any form of communication that allows people in one organisation to communicate with people outside of that organisation. External communication involves: The flow of information between a firm: R. Delaney --- and its customers --- and its shareholders --- and its suppliers --- and its bank --- and the government --- and the general public

  10. Visual Aids To CommunicationsLine graphs Line graphs are a convenient way to present summaries of trends in a visual form. R. Delaney Sales in 2012 160 140 120 100 €1,000 80 Sales 60 40 20 0 1st Quarter 2nd. 3rd. 4th. Quarter Quarter Quarter

  11. Bar charts are a convenient way to show comparisons Visual Aids To CommunicationsBar charts R. Delaney Sales by Regions 45 40 35 30 20011 25 % 20 2012 15 10 5 0 Leinster Munster Connacht Ulster

  12. Pie charts are used to show the components of a total figure. Visual Aids To CommunicationsPie charts R. Delaney % Returns to the Factors of Production for 2012 10 Land 20 40 Labour Capital Enterprise 30

  13. Visual Aids To CommunicationsPictograms A Pictogram is a chart or diagram that uses symbols or objects to represent a value. Example: Each car shown below represents monthly sales of €10,000 R. Delaney

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