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Chapter 28

Chapter 28. Populations with Substance Abuse. Population with Substance Abuse. Healthy People 2010 primary goal 19.4 million have a substance abuse disorder. Population with Substance Abuse. Substance abuse Marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, heroin Steroids, ecstasy, methamphetamines

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Chapter 28

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  1. Chapter 28 Populations with Substance Abuse

  2. Population with Substance Abuse • Healthy People 2010 primary goal • 19.4 million have a substance abuse disorder

  3. Population with Substance Abuse • Substance abuse • Marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, heroin • Steroids, ecstasy, methamphetamines • Primary substances • Alcohol, marijuana, tobacco

  4. Alcohol Use • Affects various organ systems • Cardiovascular • Hypertension, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, stroke • Liver • Hepatitis C • Cirrhosis, cancer

  5. Increased Risk • Cancers of mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, breast • Fetal alcohol syndrome • Motor vehicle accidents • Mental illness • Depression, panic disorder, mania, hypomania, phobia, anxiety

  6. Marijuana Use • Most common illicit drug use • Physiological effects • Impact brain, heart, lungs, respiratory and immune system • Difficulties in learning, memory, problem-solving, distorted perceptions, loss of coordination

  7. Marijuana Use • Long-term effects • Change in stress response system • Activity of dopamine containing nerve cells • Myocardial infarction • Triple risk of developing cancer of head and neck • Mental disorders

  8. Tobacco Use • Number one preventable cause of heart disease • Related to: • Cardiovascular disorders • Atherosclerosis, CHF, AAA, MI • Lung, mouth, pharynx, larynx, stomach, kidney, bladder, pancreas, cervical cancers

  9. Tobacco Use • Periodontitis, gum disease, COPD, emphysema, bronchitis, pneumonia • Asthma, airway obstruction, respiratory infection, peptic ulcers, cataracts

  10. Tobacco Use • Ectopic pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, perinatal mortality, SIDS, growth retardation

  11. Tobacco Use • Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) • Treating tobacco use and dependence • Clinical practice guideline • Eight key findings • (See box 28-1)

  12. Tobacco Use • Five-R’s model • Relevance • Risk • Rewards • Roadblocks • Repetition

  13. Populations at Risk • Intergenerational transmission • Hispanic youth • Black youth • American Indian • Alaska Native women

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