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KEY CONCEPT Life depends on chemical reactions.

KEY CONCEPT Life depends on chemical reactions. SC.912.L.18.11* Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts that lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. Identify factors, such as pH and temperature, and their effect on enzyme activity. (MODERATE). 2.

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KEY CONCEPT Life depends on chemical reactions.

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Life depends on chemical reactions.

  2. SC.912.L.18.11* Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts that lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. Identify factors, such as pH and temperature, and their effect on enzyme activity. (MODERATE) 2

  3. Bonds break and form during chemical reactions. • Chemical reactions change substances into different ones by breaking and forming chemical bonds. • Reactants are changed during a chemical reaction. • Products are made by a chemical reaction. 6O2 + C2H12O6 6CO2 + 6 H2O Reactant direction of Products reaction 3

  4. Quick Lab • Materials: 2 flat magnets You use energy to put things together, but chemical bonding is different. Energy is added to break bonds, and energy is released when bonds form. • Problem: How is chemical bonding similar to the interaction between two magnets.? • Analyze and Conclude: 1. Infer How is bond formation represented by the snapping sound? 2. Apply How is bond energy related to your separation of the magnets?

  5. Bond energy is the amount of energy that breaks a bond. • Energy is added to break bonds. • Energy is released when bonds form. • A reaction is at equilibrium when reactants and products form at the same rate. CO2 + H2O H2CO3 4

  6. Chemical reactions release or absorb energy. • Activation energy is the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed to start a chemical reaction. 5

  7. Exothermic reactions release more energy than they absorb. • Reactants have higher bond energies than products. • Excess energy is released by the reaction. 6

  8. Endothermic reactions absorb more energy than they release. • Reactants have lower bond energies than products. • Energy is absorbed by the reaction to make up the difference. 7

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