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HCOM 420: Communication Theory Welcome!

HCOM 420: Communication Theory Welcome!. Agenda. The Course The Study of Communication Our Rhetorical Tradition. Purposes:. To equip you with a general knowledge of communication theory; To prepare you to select and use research to explain communication phenomena;

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HCOM 420: Communication Theory Welcome!

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  1. HCOM 420: Communication TheoryWelcome!

  2. Agenda • The Course • The Study of Communication • Our Rhetorical Tradition

  3. Purposes: • To equip you with a general knowledge of communication theory; • To prepare you to select and use research to explain communication phenomena; 3. To prepare you to evaluate existing communication theories and meta theories; 4. To enhance your ability to develop persuasive scholarly arguments about theory

  4. Purposes: Translation 1. To teach you theories I think you need to know • To equip you with a general knowledge of communication theory; • To prepare you to select and use research to explain communication phenomena; 3. To prepare you to evaluate existing communication theories and meta theories; 4. To enhance your ability to develop persuasive scholarly arguments about theory

  5. Purposes: Translation 1. To teach you theories I think you need to know2. To let you know how to link communication research to communication theory • To equip you with a general knowledge of communication theory; • To prepare you to select and use research to explain communication phenomena; 3. To prepare you to evaluate existing communication theories and meta theories; 4. To enhance your ability to develop persuasive scholarly arguments about theory

  6. Purposes: Translation 1. To teach you theories I think you need to know2. To let you know how to link communication research to communication theory3. To teach you how to judge which theories are valuable and which are B.S. • To equip you with a general knowledge of communication theory; • To prepare you to select and use research to explain communication phenomena; 3. To prepare you to evaluate existing communication theories and meta theories; 4. To enhance your ability to develop persuasive scholarly arguments about theory

  7. Purposes: Translation 1. To teach you theories I think you need to know2. To let you know how to link communication research to communication theory3. To teach you how to judge which theories are valuable and which are B.S.4. To help you select theories to explain specific communication encounters and to be able to justify your choices • To equip you with a general knowledge of communication theory; • To prepare you to select and use research to explain communication phenomena; 3. To prepare you to evaluate existing communication theories and meta theories; 4. To enhance your ability to develop persuasive scholarly arguments about theory

  8. Agenda • The Course • The Study of Communication • Our Rhetorical Tradition

  9. The Communication Field • defined: the study of the process by which people exchange and assign meaning to messages • message-related behavior • message science

  10. General Communication General Communication Education  Law  Ministry  Business  Training and  development Sales  Community relations  Management 

  11. A Model of Communication

  12. A Model of Communication S

  13. A Model of Communication S M

  14. A Model of Communication S M C

  15. A Model of Communication S M C R

  16. A Model of Communication S M C R Feedback

  17. Ways of Looking at Communication • one-way • interaction • transaction

  18. Agenda • The Course • The Study of Communication • Our Rhetorical Tradition

  19. Overview of Our Rhetorical Tradition • History of our field • Greece • Rome • Rise of Christianity and the Middle Ages • The Renaissance to Modern • Contemporary times

  20. Early Stirrings • 3000 B.C.E. Auctor ad Kagemni • 2675 Ptah Hotep

  21. Greece Tries Democracy • Rule by the governed tried in 500 BCE • Trial by Jury

  22. Early Teachers Called Sophists • Travelled Around • Charged Tuition

  23. Early Sophists • Corax (470 BCE) Rhetorike Techne The argument from probability • Protagoras: The father of debate • and others . . . .

  24. The Fab Four • Socrates • his student, Plato • his student, Aristotle • his student, Alexander the Great

  25. Aristotle and the study of communication “Faculty of discovering in the particular case what are the available means of persuasion” a branch of ethics the counterpart of dialectic

  26. Aristotle’s Responses to Plato’s Attacks on Communication Studies • Not an art is a study, not just the practice of persuasion • No subject matter of its own the available means of persuasion • No concern for the truth is the counterpart of dialectic (by which truth is discovered)

  27. Aristotle’s Responses to Plato’s Attacks on Communication Studies • Not confer power if it is disgrace for a man to not be able to defend himself physically, it is a worse disgrace not to be able to defend himself through argument since argument is more characteristic of humans • Not prevent suffering to innocent • If it could prevent suffering of innocent, it could be used to help the guilty avoid justice those things that are true and just are stronger than their opposites; failure of justice is caused by unequal advocacy

  28. Canons of Rhetoric • Invention ethos pathos logos • Arrangement • Style • Delivery • Memory

  29. The Roman Tradition • World’s first newspaper, Acta Diurna • Cicero • Quintilian

  30. Cicero’s Teachings in Communication • Cicero’s exciting life (106-43 BCE) • Communicators must develop vast knowledge • Types of style Plain Middle Grand • Artful Diffidence

  31. Quintilian • First public school teacher: the Institute of Oratory (70-73) • Vir bonus • concern for stock issues and organization very great • end of the classical period

  32. Rise of Christianity • Many different Christian sects: Marcions Docetists Thedotians Patripassions Martynus Gnostics Valentinians Manichaeians

  33. Constantine and the Rise of the Dark Ages • 313 Constantine and Licinius issue the Edict of Milan • The Church outlaws and “pagan” writings • The “Dark Ages” begin

  34. Augustine “Christianizes” Communication, Saves the Field, and (probably) the Roman Catholic Church • Content and Invention: Gospels • Style: Letters of Apostles

  35. The Church Starts Universities • The Church adopts the philosophy of scholasticism • Students study matters of church doctrine on all subjects • In 1210 and 1215 the Church confronts teachings of Aristotle, Cicero and the classics

  36. Communication as a Core Subject among the Liberal Arts • Trivium: Logic Grammar Rhetoric • Quadrivium: Arithmetic Geometry Astronomy Music

  37. Communication as a Core Study in the Early Universities • Tradition of Tassel Color Silver

  38. Students Study with Syllogistic Dispuation • Disputation on matters of Church doctrine • syllogism e.g., MP: All God’s actions are credible. mp: Miracles are God’s actions. C: Therefore, miracles are credible. • All disputaiton in Latin

  39. The Development of Cheap Paper and the Renaissance • A Use for the printing press • Publications in local languages • Replacement of disputation with the term paper

  40. Ramus and the Emasculation of Communication Studies • Peter Ramus (1550 + ) • Invention and Arrangement go to Logic • Style and Delivery go to Communication

  41. Elocutionists and Speech and Hearing Science • Elocutionists: Richard Sherry (1550) John Bulwer’s Chirologia . . . and Chironomia (1644) • Speech and Hearing Science Thomas Braidwood founds institute (1760) de l’Epee founds sign language school

  42. Bacon and the Rise of Faculty Psychology in Communication reason -- --imagination will --

  43. Colonial Influences • Campbell (1776): Philosophy of Rhetoric • purposes: enlighten understanding, please imagination, move passions, influence will • perspicuity • Blair (1783): Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres • Whately (1828): Elements of Rhetoric • argumentation, presumptions

  44. Academic Debate Pushes Emergence of thge Field • Harvard’s ”Spy Club” founded before the American Revolution • First intercollegiate debate: November 29, 1872 between Northwestern University and Chicago University • First debate tournament in Winfield, Kansas, on March 14-16, 1923

  45. Rise of Communication Departments • First Master’s thesis completed by H. S. Buffum at the University of Iowa (1902) • First Ph.d. awared to Sara Stinchfield-Hawke at University of Wisconsin (1922)

  46. Kenneth Burke’s Dramatistic Pentad • Assumption: all people are pretty much the same • where there is identification, there is communication • where there is communication, there is persuasion

  47. The Dramatistic Pentad • Scene • Act • Agent • Agency • Purpose

  48. AGENDA • Development of the Field Historically • Applications today • Development of the Field Today

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