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Seafloor Spreading

Seafloor Spreading. Mapping of Ocean Floor. 40’s – 50’s use of echo sounding—using sound waves to map ocean floor to locate mountains and valleys. Mapping of Ocean Floor. Mid-ocean ridge – underwater mountain range. Theory of Seafloor Spreading.

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Seafloor Spreading

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  1. Seafloor Spreading

  2. Mapping of Ocean Floor • 40’s – 50’s use of echo sounding—using sound waves to map ocean floor to locate mountains and valleys

  3. Mapping of Ocean Floor • Mid-ocean ridge – underwater mountain range

  4. Theory of Seafloor Spreading • 60’s Harry Hess—hot dense material below Earth’s crust rises toward surface @ mid-ocean ridge then pushes seafloor apart –magma flows from cracks forming new floor

  5. Evidence • 68 Glomar Challenger—drilled holes in floor for rock samples young rocks near ridge oldest farther away

  6. Evidence • New organisms discovered by submersibles

  7. Evidence • Magnetic Clues—magnetic lines reversed directions every 1000 to million years

  8. Evidence • Magnetic Time Scale—Magnetite shows reversals in magnetic field

  9. Evidence • Detected by magnetometer—showed new rock being formed at mid-ocean ridge & explained crust movement

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