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Whose Line Is It Anyway? Boiler & Machinery . Casualty Actuarial Society Seminar on Ratemaking The Tampa Marriott Waterside Tampa, Florida March 7-8, 2002 COM-24 Christine L. Steben, CPCU, ARe Travelers Property & Casualty. Discussion Highlights . 1. Product Overview
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Whose Line Is It Anyway? Boiler & Machinery • Casualty Actuarial Society Seminar on Ratemaking • The Tampa Marriott Waterside • Tampa, Florida • March 7-8, 2002 • COM-24 • Christine L. Steben, CPCU,ARe • Travelers Property & Casualty
Discussion Highlights • 1. Product Overview • 2. Distribution Systems • 3. Ratemaking Considerations • 4. Emerging Coverage Issues • 5. International vs Domestic Ratemaking
Market Evolution • Large Industrial Risks • Steam Boilers - used to heat buildings • Turbines - used to produce power • Manufacturing Risks • Extruders - make shapes out of plastic • Corrugating Machines - used to make boxes • Non-Manufacturing Risks • Air Conditioning Equipment - such as those found at retail stores • Refrigeration Equipment - such as those found at grocery stores
Exposure Rating Base • M&E (Machinery and Equipment)Values • Schedule of Objects would be presented by Agent • Building & Contents Value • Schedule of Locations would be presented by Agent
Coverage • Trigger: Accident to covered equipment • Property Damage - Covered Equipment • Business Interruption • Service Interruption • Perishable Goods • Hazardous Substances • Demolition and Increased Cost of Construction • Data Restoration • Expediting Expense
Customer Delivery • Agents (Direct) - Relationship with Customer • Expenses - Primary insurer produces paper • Losses - Primary insurer is first party • Premium Collection - Primary insurer receives payment • Reinsurance (Assumed) - Relationship with Primary Insurer • Expenses - Primary insurer produces paper • Losses - Primary insurer takes 1st notice, contacts reinsurer • Premium Collection - Primary insurer remits payment on borderaux
Rating / Pricing By Distribution System • One By One • Manual Rating (ie Business directed through an Agent) • Program • Many locations of a similar classification / exposure (ie Hotel / Motel Program) • Portfolio • An entire book or segment of a book of business (ie CPP or BOP)
Ratemaking Considerations • Jurisdictional Inspections - Impact on Expense Ratio • Varies by classification of business • Requirements vary by state • Loss Adjustment Expense - Impact on Loss Ratio • Varies by classification of business • Varies by state • Delay in remittance of premiums • Varies by distribution system • Loss development tail • Varies by distribution system
Advances in Technologies (Trend) • Replacement Cost of Equipment Increases Comparatively • Medical Equipment (ie MRI) • Repair Cost of Equipment Increases • Level of expertise required may not be readily available • Increased Business Interruption Exposure • Impact on Web Service Provider ability to provide service (ie AOL) • Equipment May Become Obsolete • Cost to replace may be prohibitive
Emerging Coverage Issues • Toxic Mold • Caused by an accident to covered equipment • Example: A machine that controls atmospheric temperature and humidity fails • Terrorism (International and Domestic) • Availability of Reinsurance • Managing Spread of Risk • Example: A power plant that serves 100% of a population in FL
International vs Domestic • Cost of equipment will vary • Supply and demand of certain equipment • Cost of inspection will vary • Availability of qualified / responsive personnel • Existence of jurisdictional inspection requirements • Cost of loss adjustment will vary • Availability of qualified / responsive personnel • US Dollar Conversion • Value of a dollar at the time of loss
Boiler & Machinery Ratemaking In Review • Coverage provided can be increased or decreased • Product delivery/distribution impacts Expenses, Losses and Premium • Unique characteristics of Boiler & Machinery impacts Expense Ratio, Loss Ratio and Trend (Premium and Loss) • Jurisdictional Inspection • Loss Adjustment Expense • Changes In Repair/Replacement Costs Over Time • Emerging coverage issues should be identified • International and Domestic exposures should be evaluated