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French Revolution

French Revolution. Further Explanation, Thoughts and Relevance. May 1789. Meeting of the Estate General Louis XVI called the representatives to meet at Versailles they brought cahiers de doleances (lists of grievances). June 1789. Creation of the National Assembly

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French Revolution

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  1. French Revolution • Further Explanation, Thoughts and Relevance

  2. May 1789 • Meeting of the Estate General • Louis XVI called the representatives to meet at Versailles • they brought cahiers de doleances (lists of grievances)

  3. June 1789 • Creation of the National Assembly • failure of the Estates-General meeting • representatives meet on a tennis court • Tennis Court Oath - they swore they would not disband until they had a constitution

  4. 14 July 1789 • Storming of the Bastille • rumor of attack planned by King against people caused them to ransack the prison and collect weapons

  5. 4 August 1789 • Abolition of the Feudal System • National Assembly abolished the Estates-General due to attacks upon nobility in the countryside

  6. August 1789 • Creation of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen • described the rights of individuals and guiding democratic principles

  7. October 1789 • March on Versailles • People marched to protest the high price of bread • Forced king to return to Paris

  8. 1790 • Creation of a Constitutional Monarchy • transformed the distribution of power • made all government officials subject to the law • elimination of nobility as a legally defined class • granting of the same civil rights to all citizens • incorporation of the Church within the State • this stripped clergy of property/special rights

  9. 1790 - 1793 • Emergence of Jacobins and Girondins • Jacobins - radicals to establish a French republic • stormed Tuileries Palace and suspended king from his duties (Legislative Assembly) • Girondins - moderates to maintain the monarchy

  10. April 1792 • France declares war on Austria • many nobles fled in hope to mobilize forces against the new government • led to a number of conflicts (French Revolutionary Wars) • Prussia joined Austria

  11. September 1792 • National Convention and Declaration of France as a Republic • Jacobins and Girondins voted to remove the monarchy and establish a republic

  12. January 1793 • Trial and Execution of Louis XVI • found guilty of treason and was sentenced to death • “Louis must die, so that the country may live” (Maximilien Robespierre, Dec 1792) • not everyone agreed with his sentencing

  13. August 1793 • Levee en Masse (Mass Conscription) • facing a series of military losses against AU, PR, and GB - the French government instituted conscription to provide additional soldiers

  14. October 1793 • Execution of Marie Antoinette • Wife of Louis XVI

  15. 1793 - 1794 • Reign of Terror • Facing civil unrest - the National Convention (revolutionary government) arrested and executed an estimated 40,000 people

  16. 1795 • The Emergence of Napoleon Bonaparte • a French born solider who quickly advanced through the ranks during the years of the revolution

  17. 1799 • Napoleon Bonaparte Leads a Successful Coup against the French Republic • elected First Consul

  18. 1800 - 1804 • Napoleon creates reforms in France • centralized administration of the government departments • created lycee school system (final stage of secondary education - depending on type of post-secondary education the student desires) • implemented a tax system • Bank of France • Napoleonic Code (civil laws)

  19. 1804 • Napoleon is Declared Emperor of France • reformed France and expanded influence • voted overwhelmingly to make him ‘Consul for Life’ • 3.5 million voted ‘yes’ out of a total of 3.58 million votes cast • constitution was rewritten as an empire - Napoleon was the first Emperor

  20. Consul for Life

  21. 1804 - 1814 • Napoleon Builds his Empire • expanded his Kingdom by placing his brothers on the thrones of Spain and Kingdom of Italy • served to spread new ideas associated with the revolution (Napoleonic Code)

  22. Napoleonic Code http://www.francemagazine.org/images/articles/issue_70/70_code_01_l.jpg

  23. 1805 - 1814 • Napoleon’s Empire at War and the Continental System • coalition of AU, PR, GB and RU to control expansion • economic disputes - embargo prohibiting his allies from trading with Britain (limited success)

  24. Continental System • an embargo prohibiting his allies and territories within his empire from trading with Britain • How do you think Britain responded to this claim? • In what ways can the development of nationalism be shaped by changing social, political and economic situations?

  25. March - June 1815 • The Hundred Days • defeated at Leipzig, a Germanic state and exiled to a remote island (Elba) • add information here • Battle of Waterloo • Exiled to island of St. Helena • add information here

  26. Waterloo

  27. Congress of Vienna • 1814 - 1815 • The purpose was to settle political issues and redraw the map of Europe • Encourage peace and stability, even at the expense of the rights and freedoms of the citizens of Europe

  28. Congress of Vienna

  29. Return of the King • 1814 - 1824 • Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI was restored to the throne with assistance of Charles de Talleyrand (Napoleon’s former foreign minister) • more follow up information needed here

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