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How to present a new structure to your EFL students. There are 2 approaches :. Deductive Traditional Rule-driven Top-down Usually the grammar rules are explained in a mini-lecture format. Students are allowed to practice the structure after they have been given the rule. Inductive
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There are 2 approaches: Deductive • Traditional • Rule-driven • Top-down • Usually the grammar rules are explained in a mini-lecture format. Students are allowed to practice the structure after they have been given the rule. Inductive • Modern • Rule-discovery • Bottom up • The teacher gives the students the structure in context and then the students try to form their own explanation of the rule. It is ELICITED from the students. This is a type of guided discovery.
Deductive • General rule Specific examples Practice Inductive • Specific examples Practice General Rule
Advantages Deductive • good for Ss who are used to more traditional style • more direct • good for higher levels • saves time • better for older students Inductive • student centered • more interesting for students • learn it better • learn in context • Ss involved in own learning • better for lower levels • More participation
Disadvantages Deductive • teacher centered • not good for younger learners • boring • Ss are passive • couldbememorized Inductive • can waste time if done improperly • older Ss are not used to it
LessonwithInductiveApproach • PassiveVoice Uses
ThePyramidswerebuiltthousands of years ago. • __________builtthePyramids.
This estilo wascarvedbysomeMayans. • ______________carvedthis estilo.
Thiswasmade in Guatemala. • ___________________madethis.
Thiswaswoven in Guatemala. • ___________ wovethis.
TikalwasbuiltbytheMayans. • Some Mayans built Tikal.
TheStatue of LibertywasmadebytheFrench. • SomeFrenchpeoplebuilttheStatue of Liberty.
Who did it? What is their name?Which is more important? • Who built the pyramids? • Who built this? • Who wove the fabric? • The pyramids or the people who built it? • The Statue of Liberty or the people who built it? • Tikal or the people who built it? • So, what are 2 reasons to use passive voice?
When do we use Passive? • 1. When we don’t know the subject. • 2. When the object is more important than the subject.