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Learning objectives

Learning objectives. To understand the water balance To understand how the water balance can change in different environments. Remember the drainage basin system!! Can you remember the 3 outputs and the 1 input?.

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Learning objectives

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  1. Learning objectives • To understand the water balance • To understand how the water balance can change in different environments

  2. Remember the drainage basin system!! Can you remember the 3 outputs and the 1 input? The water balance, or water budget is the balance between these inputs and outputs River Runoff Transpiration Precipitation Evaporation

  3. The Water Balance Scientists want to know what happens to the water when it enters the drainage basin system. This helps to plan for future water supply and also to help control flooding. Precipitation = Total runoff (streamflow) + Evapotranspiration +/- Storage (soil or rock P = O + E +/- S

  4. Precipitation = Total runoff (streamflow) + Evapotranspiration +/- Storage (soil or rock P = O + E +/- S 100% = + + 50% 30% 20%

  5. The Water Budget Graph The water budget (water balance) can be represented by an equation and by a graph… The graph looks at how evaporation and precipitation levels affect soil moisture levels Soil moisture recharge Soil moisture utilisation Soil moisture surplus Soil moisture deficit

  6. The Water Budget Graph When evaporation exceeds precipitation in the summer the soil water is utilized… … there is a soil moisture or water surplus. This water is now available to supply rivers By the second half of summer there is a soil moisture deficit Mean Evapotranspiration (mm) Mean Precipitation (mm) Precipitation increased and evapotranspiration falls in the autumn allowing soil moisture to be recharged once more J F M A M J J A S O N D Soil moisture recharge In the winter precipitation exceeds evaporation and soil moisture is recharged until… Soil moisture utilisation Soil moisture deficit Soil moisture surplus

  7. What if GAME….. What if precipitation exceeds evaporation in the winter? What if evaporation exceeds precipitation in the summer?

  8. TASK Use the table below to draw a water budget graph for England Colour code the graph like the one on the left and annotate it to show what’s happening. Mean Evapotranspiration (mm) Mean Precipitation (mm) J F M A M J J A S O N D Finished early? Can you explain your graph to the person next to you? Or do a sketch and explain it without looking?

  9. 60 second challenge How many of the new words can you remember in 60 seconds??

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