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Lecture 5 Kjemisk reaksjonsteknikk Chemical Reaction Engineering

Lecture 5 Kjemisk reaksjonsteknikk Chemical Reaction Engineering. Isothermal reaction design algorithm Algorithm to estimate the time or conversion for different reactor Examples. Reaction Engineering. Isothermal reactor design. Mole Balance. Rate Laws. Stoichiometry.

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Lecture 5 Kjemisk reaksjonsteknikk Chemical Reaction Engineering

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  1. Lecture 5 Kjemisk reaksjonsteknikk Chemical Reaction Engineering • Isothermal reaction design algorithm • Algorithm to estimate the time or conversion for different reactor • Examples

  2. Reaction Engineering Isothermal reactor design Mole Balance Rate Laws Stoichiometry These topics build upon one another 2

  3. For Gas Phase Flow Systems Cj=f(Fj, T, P) =f(x, T,P) νj stochiomentric number, b/a, c/a, d/a Isothermal T=T0 Liquid phase: ε=0

  4. 4

  5. 5

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  7. Batch reactor 1) Mole balance 2) Rate law First-order Second-order X t 4) Combine: 5. Evaluation 3) Stoichiometry:

  8. CSTR reactor 1) Mole balance 2) Rate law First-order Second-order 3) Stoichiometry: 4) Combine: 5. Evaluation

  9. PFR reactor 1) Mole balance 2) Rate law First-order Second-order 3) Stoichiometry: 4) Combine: 5. Evaluation

  10. Examples: Liquid Phase Laboratory Experiment (CH2CO)2O + H2O  2CH3COOH A + B  2C Entering Volumetric flow rate v0 = 0.0033 dm3/s Acetic Anhydride 7.8% (1M) Water 92.2% (51.2M) Elementary with k’ 1.95x10-4 dm3/(mol.s) Case I CSTR V = 1dm3 Case II PFR V = 0.311 dm3 10

  11. Part 1: Mole Balances in Terms of Conversion Algorithm for Isothermal Reactor Design Mole Balance and Design Equation Rate Law Stoichiometry Combine Evaluate A. Graphically (Chapter 2 plots) B. Numerical (Quadrature Formulas Chapter 2 and appendices) C. Analytical (Integral Tables in Appendix) D. Software Packages (Appendix- Polymath) 11

  12. CSTR Laboratory Experiment Example: CH3CO2 + H20  2CH3OOH A + B  2C 1) MoleBalance:           CSTR: 12

  13. CSTR Laboratory Experiment 1) Stoichiometry: 1) Rate Law: 13

  14. CSTR Laboratory Experiment 14

  15. CSTR Laboratory Experiment u C X V X V kX = Þ = Þ t = = 0 A 0 V ( ) ( ) ( ) - - u u - kC k 1 X 1 X 1 X A 0 0 0 15

  16. PFR Laboratory Experiment A + B  2C 1) Mole Balance: 2) Rate Law: 3) Stoichiometry: 16

  17. PFR Laboratory Experiment 4) Combine: 4) Combine: 17

  18. Examples: Gas Phase : PFR and Batch Calculation 2NOCl  2NO + Cl2 2A  2B + C Pure NOCl fed with CNOCl,0 = 0.2 mol/dm3 follows an elementary rate law with k = 0.29 dm3/(mol.s) Case I PFR with v0 = 10 dm3/s Find space time, with X = 0.9 Find reactor volume, V for X = 0.9 Case II Batch constant volume Find the time, t, necessary to achieve 90% conversion. Compare and t. 18

  19. Example (Gas Flow, PFR) 2 NOCl  2 NO + Cl2 2A  2B + C 1) Mole Balance: 2) Rate Law: 19

  20. Example (Gas Flow, PFR) A  B + C/2 Damköhler number 4) Combine: 3) Stoich:Gas 20

  21. Example (Gas Flow, PFR) 21

  22. Example Constant Volume (Batch) Gas Phase 2A  2B + C 3) Stoich:Gas 1) Mole Balance: 2) Rate Law: 22

  23. Example Constant Volume (Batch) 4) Combine: 23

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