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Juan de Fuca Ridge. Image provided courtesy of the VISIONS ’ 05 expedition (www.VISIONS05.ocean.washington.edu). Divergent Boundary Pacific Plate and Juan de Fuca Plate. One of the fastest spreading ridges in the world. Convergent Boundary Juan de Fuca Plate and North American Plate.
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Image provided courtesy of the VISIONS ’05 expedition (www.VISIONS05.ocean.washington.edu)
Divergent Boundary Pacific Plate and Juan de Fuca Plate
Convergent Boundary Juan de Fuca Plate and North American Plate
Mount St. Helens – before 1980 eruption Mount St. Helens – after 1980 eruption
Began 37 MYA Continues today Phanerozoic Eon
Glaciers Ice Ages (N=4) over the past 2MY Most recent glacial episode: 18KYA http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/earth/inside-glacial-lake-missoula.html Vashon Ice Sheet animation: http://youtu.be/YHWMHzi_deg
USGS: Science for the Changing World. Juan de Fuca Subduction, Cascade Range. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/JuanDeFucaRidge/description_juan_de_fuca.html. January 2, 2003. • Palmer, A.R. and J. Geissman. Tectonics of the Miocene Epoch. Tour of Geologic Time. University of California Museum of Paleontology. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/tertiary/mio/miotect.html. • Kious, W. Jacquelyne and Robert I. Tilling. This Dynamic Planet: The Story of Plate Tectonics. http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/. 2001. • Glicken, Harry. Mount St. Helens – Before and After – from Johnston Ridge. USGS/Cascades Volcano Observatory. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/MSH/Images/MSH80/framework.html. December 6, 2006. • Visions 2005: Expeditions to the Underwater Volcanoes of the Northeast Pacific. University of Washington. http://www.visions05.washington.edu/visuals/document.jsp?id=55. 2005. • The Cascade Episode. The Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture. http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/geo_history_wa/Cascade%20Episode.htm. 2006. • The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics (Chapter 2). Essentials of Geology: An Introduction to Planet Earth. http://www.wwnorton.com/earth/egeo/animations/ch2.htm#9. W. W. Norton and Company. 2006. • Cameron, James. Volcanoes of the Deep Sea. Volcanic Ocean Films, Inc. 2003. • Segar, Douglas A. Introduction to Ocean Sciences. Animations. http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/oceansci/animations.asp. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2006. Bibliography