1 / 14

MCAS BIOLOGY REVIEW GENETICS

MCAS BIOLOGY REVIEW GENETICS . Ms. Mezzetti Lynn English High School. 3.1: DNA Structure & Function.

iona
Download Presentation

MCAS BIOLOGY REVIEW GENETICS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MCAS BIOLOGY REVIEWGENETICS Ms. Mezzetti Lynn English High School

  2. 3.1: DNA Structure & Function • Describe the basic structure (double helix, sugar/phosphate backbone, linked by complementary nucleotide pairs) of DNA, and describe its function in genetic inheritance. What is DNA: http://www.statedclearly.com/what-is-dna/

  3. DNA Structure • DNA is a long polymer made up of many smaller units called nucleotides • A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar and nitrogenous base • DNA contains 4 nitrogenous bases

  4. DNA Function • DNA stores the genetic code which carries the instructions for making proteins and inheritance

  5. 3.2 Describe the basic process of DNA replication and how it relates to the transmission and conservation of the genetic code.

  6. 3.2: Explain the basic processes of transcription and translation, and how they result in the expression of genes. Distinguish among the end products of replication, transcription, and translation. • Transcription takes place in the nucleus; transcribes message from DNA • Translation takes place at the ribosome in the cytoplasm; translates mRNA to tRNA to amino acid

  7. 3.3: Mutations Explain how mutations in the DNA sequence of a gene may or may not result in phenotypic change in an organism.

  8. 3.3: Mutations • Explain how mutations in gametes may result in phenotypic changes in offspring.

  9. 3.4: Dominance • Distinguish among observed inheritance patterns caused by several types of genetic traits (dominant, recessive, codominant, sex-linked, polygenic, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles). DOMINANT/RECESSIVE CODOMINANT INCOMPLETE

  10. 3.4: Polygenic Traits Traits that are controlled by more than one gene. In humans height, weight and skin color are polygenic.

  11. 3.4: Multiple Alleles & Codominant Blood type is an example of multiple alleles: ABO codominance: AB blood

  12. Sex-linked traits Usually passed on by the mother who is a carrier; usually affects males

  13. 3.5 Describe how Mendel’s laws of segregation and independent assortment can be observed throughpatterns of inheritance (e.g., dihybrid crosses).

  14. 3.6 Use a Punnett Square to determine the probabilities for genotype and phenotype combinations inmonohybrid crosses. • Cross 2 homozygous dominant or 2 recessive and the offspring will be the same as the parents. • Cross 2 heterozygous parents and the probability is a 3-1 ratio for the dominant trait to be expressed. The probability for genotype is a 1:2:1 ratio

More Related