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Opening Question (1/14/11)

Opening Question (1/14/11). Topic – Why in the world are we talking about the Greeks and Romans for so long ? Enduring Understandings – find examples that you already know that prove each statement to be true

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Opening Question (1/14/11)

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  1. Opening Question (1/14/11) • Topic – Why in the world are we talking about the Greeks and Romans for so long? • Enduring Understandings – find examples that you already know that prove each statement to be true • Western Society (i.e. - US, Western Europe) is based on Classical Greek and Roman Civilizations. • Every society builds upon and improves itself based on what it learns from previous societies. • Technology is proof that humans adapt.

  2. A Tour of Rome and the influences its culture had Why are they so darn important??? Be prepared to get called up to the ‘stand’ to answer questions… This is a jumping off point. We have to know why they rocked before we analyze them

  3. The City Itself **At its height, the city of Rome had 1.2 million people living in it **The Roman Empire will encompass nearly 65 million people** No city will reach Rome’s population size until the 1850’s (Industrial Revolution)

  4. The Modern Day “Rome”

  5. Roman architecture • Built some of greatest buildings ever • great skill and ability to adapt • engineers and architects • roads, cities • Concrete!!!

  6. First High Rise Buildings  Romans were the first civilization to build apartment buildings… why would they build these

  7. Cities  London, Barcelona, MadridAll were originally Roman military outpost

  8. First the Romans did when they built a city was… build a road back to Roman • “All roads lead to Rome…”

  9. Did you know that most Western societies still use a similar design when building roads?

  10. Aqueducts – “Carry Water”

  11. Buildings that have never been seen before…. And still influence us.

  12. How did it influence us???

  13. Jefferson Memorial Pantheon – Built as a temple to the all the Roman Gods Greeks and Romans built temples to their gods… The United States builds temples to our _____________?? Why is this?????

  14. Language • Latin - Root of all “Romance” languages – all western areas that the Romans conquered • Italian • Spanish • French • Portuguese • The Roman alphabet is our modern alphabet – with the addition of the letters “J, W, Y”

  15. Influences… Look at the names… Planets and Months

  16. Planets

  17. Twelve Tables • Had a complex court system – heard cases for civil disputes and punishment • Had trials by jury – depending on how serious the case was

  18. Trial Procedure • I.1 "If he (plaintiff) summon him (defendant) into court, he shall go. If he does not go, (plaintiff) shall call witnesses. Then only he shall take him by force. If he refuses or flees, he (plaintiff) shall lay hands on him. • II.3 - Whoever is in need of evidence, he shall go on every third day to call out loud before the doorway of the witness."

  19. Debt • III. "When a debt has been acknowledged or a judgment has been pronounced in court, 30 days must be the legitimate grace period. Thereafter, arrest of the debtor may be made by the laying on of hands. Bring him into court. If he does not satisfy the judgment (or no one in court offers himself as surety on his behalf) the creditor may take the debtor with him. He may bind him either in stocks or fetters, with a weight of no less than 15 lbs. (or more if he desires)." [After 60 days in custody, the case is returned to the court, and if the debt is not then paid, the debtor can be sold abroad as a slave, or put to death.]

  20. Inheritance • V. 1 "Our ancestors saw fit that "females, by reason of levity of disposition, shall remain in guardianship, even when they have attained their majority." • V. 7 A spendthrift is forbidden to exercise administration over his own goods. • V. 8 The inheritance of a Roman citizen-freedman is made over to his patron, if the freedman has died intestate and has no natural successor.

  21. Legal Bonds and Contracts • VI. 1 When a party shall make bond or conveyance, what he has named by word-of-mouth that shall hold good. • VI. 2 Marriage by `usage' (usus): If a man and woman live together continuously for a year, they are considered to be married; the woman legally is treated as the man's daughter.

  22. Torts • VIII. 1 "If any person has sung or composed against another person a SONG (carmen) such as was causing slander or insult.... he shall be clubbed to death." • VIII. 2 "If a person has maimed another's limb, let there be retaliation in kind, unless he agrees to make compensation with him." (Lextalionis) • VIII. 21 "If a patron shall defraud his client, he must be solemnly forfeited (`killed')." • VIII. 23 "Whoever is convicted of speaking false witness shall be flung from the Tarpeian Rock." • VIII. 26 "No person shall hold meetings in the City at night."

  23. Public Law • IX. 3 "The penalty shall be capital punishment for a judge or arbiter legally appointed who has been found guilty of receiving a bribe for giving a decision." • IX. 6 "Putting to death... of any man who has not been convicted, whosoever he might be, is forbidden."

  24. Stuff Added… Just so you know • XI. 1 "Marriage shall not take place between a patrician and a plebeian." • XII. 5 "Whatever the People has last ordained shall be held as binding by law." • "There are eight kinds of punishment: fine, fetters, flogging, retaliation in kind, civil disgrace, banishment, slavery, death."

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