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COP 4343 Unix System Administration

COP 4343 Unix System Administration. Unit 10: backup restore. Asking Initial Questions. What files should be backed up? Where are files located? How should backups be performed? Who will back up files? Restore requirements ? within a specific period of time?. Backup Media.

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COP 4343 Unix System Administration

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  1. COP 4343Unix System Administration Unit 10: backup restore

  2. Asking Initial Questions • What files should be backed up? • Where are files located? • How should backups be performed? • Who will back up files? • Restore requirements ? • within a specific period of time?

  3. Backup Media • What kind ? • Storage ? • onsite vs. offsite • How many units ? • consider levels

  4. Backup Levels

  5. Restore • Individual file • Check level 2, then 1, then 0 • Full restore • Restore level 0, then 1, then 2

  6. media provisioning

  7. backup procedure • create archive files • directly onto media • via file • backup commands • dump, tar and cpio • also: find command

  8. dump/restore • dump options • level (0 is full backup, others are increments) • destination: • file or device • u (update /etc/dumpdates) • restore options • f (source) • t (list), i (interactive) • r (restore file system), x (extract file)

  9. dump/restore examples • dump -0uf /dev/st1 / • dump -1uf /tmp/backup /home • restore -if /dev/st1 • restore -xf /tmp/backup etc/crontab

  10. tar • create archive: tar zcvpf /archive/backup.tar.gz --exclude=*.iso --exclude=tmp --exclude=bufferdir /home • restore from backup: tar zxvf backup.tar.gz path-to-file

  11. cpio • example: find . -mtime -1 -print | cpio -o -H crc > backup-file • also: cpio -i “pattern” < backup-file format

  12. cpio formats bin The obsolete binary format (default). odc The old (POSIX.1) portable format. newc The new (SVR4) portable format, which supports file systems having more than 65536 i-nodes. crc The new (SVR4) portable format with a checksum added. tar The old tar format. ustar The POSIX.1 tar format. Also recognizes GNU tar archives, which are similar but not identical. hpbin The obsolete binary format used by HPUX’s cpio (which stores device files differently). hpodc The portable format used by HPUX’s cpio (which stores device files differently).

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