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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Processes Modeling for the Alaskan Coast

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Processes Modeling for the Alaskan Coast. By Bruce Ebersole and Dr. Robert Jensen Flood and Storm Protection Division. Overview. Wave Climate- Chukcki Sea to Aleutians. Wave Climate- Bering Straits to North Slope.

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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Processes Modeling for the Alaskan Coast

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  1. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Processes Modeling for the Alaskan Coast By Bruce Ebersole and Dr. Robert Jensen Flood and Storm Protection Division

  2. Overview Wave Climate- Chukcki Sea to Aleutians Wave Climate- Bering Straits to North Slope Storm Vulnerability and Shore Protection Design Storm Water Level Climate – West and North Alaskan Coasts Circulation Model of Cook Inlet

  3. Wave Climate - Chukchi Sea to the Aleutians Delong Mt Terminal • Hindcast done 1999-2001 using the WAM model • Design of improved Delong Mountain Terminal • 1985-2002 wave hindcast (June thru November each year) • Time-varying ice cover considered • 15 Storms 1954-1983 • Validated with buoy deployed 2000 and 2001 off DMT; NDBC buoy 46035 in Bering Sea for entire hindcast

  4. Wave Climate – Bering Straits to North Slope Barrow • Hindcast done 2003-2004 using WAM • Design of storm damage reduction project at Barrow • 1982-2003 wave climate (June thru December each year) • Time-varying ice cover considered • 30 Storms 1954-1981 • Validated with Shell Oil buoy data; Sep-Oct 1983 and Aug-Sep 1984 • Validated with Corps shallow water wave gage off Barrow - 2003 (have 2004 wave data)

  5. Storm water level hindcast done 2004-2005 using the ADCIRC model (tide plus wind surge) Design of Barrow project and vulnerability of western Alaskan native communities Approx 25 storms each domain, 6 overlapping Storms from 1950s to 2003 Time-varying ice cover considered Validation to tidal constituents and measured water levels Data saved for entire domain Stage-frequency curves for combined tide and surge at key sites North and West Coast of Alaska Storm Water Levels Beaufort and Chukchi Sea Domain North Pacific Domain

  6. Storm Vulnerability Assessment and Shore Protection Project Design (Barrow) October 1963 storm • Wave and water level hindcast data as input • Shallow water wave transformation (STWAVE) • Set-up, run-up, erosion computed with SBEACH • Frequency of extreme coastal water levels Special Output Locations from WAM - to STWAVE

  7. Tidal Circulation Model of Cook Inlet/Port of Anchorage • Modeling work done in 2002-2004 • ADCIRC model applied in 2D-DI mode • Circulation patterns as cause for excessive shoaling at Port of Anchorage • Extensive validation using NOAA water level and ADCP data

  8. Ideas for Partnering in Technology Transfer/Product Development • Create web-accessible 20-yr wave climatology for northern and western coasts of Alaska + tools to meet stakeholder needs • Extend to full year hindcast for western Alaskan coast, and expand to include southern Alaskan coast • Create web-accessible 50-yr storm wave and water level climate database; with frequency-of-occurrence relationships + tools to meet stakeholder needs • Annual climate and storm updates to the database • Extend hindcast looking back in time (improve look for patterns, cycles?) • Conduct threat assessment at native Alaskan communities using storm wave and water level database + tools • Assessment done using simple wave transformation, set-up and run-up computations or nearshore modeling approach (e.g. Barrow) • Provide web-based tools and guidance for conducting threat assessments and evaluating shore protection design options

  9. Ideas for Interagency/Academia R&D Collaboration • Repeat hindcast with future estimates of changing ice cover to examine changing storm damage threat • Examine potential for changing storm frequency to alter the storm damage threat • Delve into the hindcast wave climate- knowledge “sleeps” in the data • Impact of increased sediment loads into Cook Inlet, other inlets and estuaries • Collaborate on technology advancement • joint wave, surge/circulation, sedimentation, beach erosion model development • wave generation in rapidly turning wind fields • wind momentum transfer into waves and 3-D circulation, with and without partial ice cover, arctic air/sea temp conditions • beach erosion for gravel beaches, sandy cliffs, cliffs with permafrost • terrain effects on winds, waves and circulation

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