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joints

joints. Fixed (Fibrous joints) No movement occurs between the bones involved. Held in place by fibrous connective tissue On impact bone fracture rather that joint damage. Slightly movable (cartilaginous joints) Allows very limited movement Held in place by fibrous cartilage

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joints

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  1. joints

  2. Fixed (Fibrous joints) • No movement occurs between the bones involved. • Held in place by fibrous connective tissue • On impact bone fracture rather that joint damage. Slightly movable (cartilaginous joints) • Allows very limited movement • Held in place by fibrous cartilage • egsymphysis pubis, vertebrae joints, joints between ribs and sternum

  3. Freely movable (synovial joints) • Amount of movement is limited only by ligaments, muscles, tendons and adjoining bones. • Highly mobile but equally weak

  4. Ball-and-socket joints Spherical head of one bone fits into cup-like head of another • Only occur in two places: Shoulder & Hip • Hinge Joint Allows movement in one plane only. • Convex surface of one bone fits into concave surface of another • E.g. elbow (ulna/Humerus), wrist (radius/carpals) & knee (ankle, fingers & toes)

  5. Pivot Joint • Rounded, pointed or conical end of one bone articulates with a ring (part bone, part ligament) • E.g. 1st vertebrae (head) / 2nd vertebrae & radius / ulna • Gliding Joint Gliding movement in any direction (back/forth, side/side), limited only by ligaments or bony processes. • E.g. carpals, tarsals, sternum / clavicle, sternum / clavicle

  6. Saddle joint Two saddle shaped joints • Allows side/side and back/forth movements • e.g. thumb / hand • Condyloid (ellipsoid) joint Slightly convex fits with slightly concave • Allows side/side or back/forth movements • e.g. radius/carpal, metacarpal/phalanges

  7. Movement of a Joint: • Flexion: (bending) decreases angle between articulating bones • Extension: (Straightening) increases angle between articulating bones • Abduction: movement away from the body • Adduction: movement towards from the body • Rotation: Movement of a bone around its long axis.

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