1 / 12

Joints

Joints . AS Level Anatomy and Physiology. Lesson Outcomes. By the end of today’s lesson you will understand: The 6 main types of synovial joints The structure of synovial joints The type of movement joints can perform. Synovial joints. Freely moveable

talli
Download Presentation

Joints

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Joints AS Level Anatomy and Physiology

  2. Lesson Outcomes By the end of today’s lesson you will understand: • The 6main types of synovial joints • The structure of synovial joints • The type of movementjoints can perform

  3. Synovial joints • Freely moveable • Found in the appendicular skeleton Structure There are several important structures common to all synovial joints…

  4. Structure and Function of Synovial Joints (Important!) • FOUR features • Articular/Hyaline Cartilage Smooth cartilage at the end of bones at the joint • Two-Layered Joint Capsule Outer Layer – Tough fibrous capsule Inner Layer – Synovial Membrane • Synovial Fluid Slippery fluid in joint capsule (like egg white!) • Ligament A band of strong fibrous tissue Structure Structure Structure Structure

  5. Structure and Function of Synovial Joints (Important!) • FOUR Functions • Articular/Hyaline Cartilage Prevent friction between articulating bones • Two-Layered Joint Capsule Outer Layer – Strengthen joint Inner Layer – To secrete synovial fluid • Synovial Fluid Reduce friction between articular cartilages Nourish articular cartilage Rid the joint of waste • Ligament To connect one bone to another

  6. Types of Synovial Joint • There are six main types of synovial joint found in the body • Can you name them and give examples?

  7. The 6 Types • Hinge Knee, Elbow • Condyloid Wrist • Gliding Articulating surfaces of the vertebrae • Pivot Radio-ulna, atlas/axis • Ball and Socket Shoulder, Hip • Saddle Thumb

  8. Movements at Joints • All movements start from the anatomical position (AP) – see picture of skeleton • Flexion– movement forward from AP (except knee joint) • Extension – movement backward from AP (except knee joint)

  9. Practice these movements for the following joints….Wrist, elbow, shoulder, spine, hip, knee TASK Info:The knee joint is the only exception where flexion moves backwards and extension moves forwards

  10. Abduction – movement away from midline of body Occurs at wrist, shoulder, hip • Adduction – movement towards midline of body Occurs at wrist, shoulder, hip • Rotation and circumduction– what is the difference? To recognise the difference: Rotation: the long axis of the moving part would draw a dot if a pen was held at the end Circumduction: the pen would draw a circle

  11. Specialist Movements • Supination – radio-ulna joint – palms up • Pronation – radio-ulna joint – palms down • Dorsi-flexion – ankle joint – toes up • Plantar-flexion– ankle joint – toes down Point to the floor • Practise these movements then complete worksheet 1.3 (labelling an upper/lower joint)

  12. Homework! Complete the crossword Hint For 3 down the pelvis is also called the illium!

More Related