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Properties of Matter. Chapter 15 Section 2. Classify these PROPERTIES as physical or chemical . If you aren’t sure, guess!. Color ______________________________ Flammability ______________________________ Odor ______________________________
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Properties of Matter Chapter 15 Section 2
Classify these PROPERTIES as physical or chemical. If you aren’t sure, guess! • Color ______________________________ • Flammability ______________________________ • Odor ______________________________ • Shape ______________________________ • Taste ______________________________ • Density ______________________________ • Melting Point ______________________________ • Tendency to Rust ______________________________ • Reacts with light ______________________________ • Boiling Point ______________________________ • Volume ______________________________ • Malleable ______________________________ • Mass ______________________________ • Magnetism ______________________________ • Ductile ______________________________ • Ability to dissolve ______________________________
Physical Properties • A characteristic of a material that you can observe ______________changing the _______________of the substance that makes up the material • Can be observed with your ______________ and can be determined without destroying the object • *If a __________smell is produced as the result of a change, it would not be considered a physical property
Physical Properties • Physical Properties can be related to: • _____________________________ • What ________________is the item? • What _________________is the item? • What is the item’s _____________of matter? • ___________________________ • Does it attract a _______________? i.e. iron • Can it be pulled into wires (__________)? i.e. copper • Can it be hammered into sheets (___________)? i.e. gold • At what temperature does it boil (_____________point)? • Is the substance ____________(does it _____________)?
Physical Properties • Physical properties can be used to _____________substances in a ___________ • How would you separate a mixture of iron, sand, and salt using physical properties?
Chemical Properties • A ______________of a material that indicates whether it can undergo a certain _____________ change • The result of the chemical change would be the production of a ______________________ • Some examples: • tendency of something to ____________ (_________________) • i.e. lighter fluid, paint thinner • tendency of something to ______with _______ • i.e. medicines that come in dark bottles like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
Try this Again! Classify these PROPERTIES as physical or chemical. If you aren’t sure, guess! • Color ______________________________ • Flammability ______________________________ • Odor ______________________________ • Shape ______________________________ • Taste ______________________________ • Density ______________________________ • Melting Point ______________________________ • Tendency to Rust ______________________________ • Mass ______________________________ • Boiling Point ______________________________ • Volume ______________________________ • Malleable ______________________________ • Reacts with light ______________________________ • Magnetism ______________________________ • Ductile ______________________________ • Ability to dissolve ______________________________
Classify these CHANGES as physical or chemical. If you aren’t sure, guess! • Evaporating water __________________________ • Rust on an iron nail __________________________ • Baking cookies __________________________ • Dissolving salt in water __________________________ • Hammering Aluminum into a sheet _________________ • Cooking scrambled eggs _________________________ • Burning a marshmallow __________________________ • Melting an M&M in your mouth ____________________ • Alka seltzer in water __________________________ • Raising bread dough __________________________ • Cutting an apple __________________________
Physical Change • A change in the size, shape, state of matter, etc. that does __________change the _____________of a substance • A ___________ change is a ___________ change even though energy may be removed or added to the substance • In the new state of mater, the substance is still made of the __________components, the atoms just have more or less ______________ (phase changes are the only physical changes that have energy changes) • i.e. if liquid water evaporates, it becomes water vapor if water vapor condenses, it becomes liquid water
Phase Changes SOLID LIQUID GAS
Distillation • Distillation is a process that takes advantage of ______________properties and physical ________________to _____________mixtures • If two substances have different ___________points (temperature at which they boil), they can be separated. • The mixture is heated slowly until it begins to boil. • The _____________of the liquid with the lowest boiling point form firstand are _____________and collected. • If the other substance also needs to be collected, then the temperature is increased until the second liquid boils, condenses, and is collected
Chemical Change • The change of one substance into a _______ substance (chemical ________) • A chemical change __________the original chemical ______________ of the substance • ____________changes and ____________ changes always accompany chemical changes
Indications of a Chemical Reaction How can you tell if a chemical change has taken place? • ________________ Evolution of __________, ___________, and/or ____________ (sometimes heat can be absorbed too) • _________________ A gas is produced, __________(effervescence) • __________________ When ____________particles form from 2 liquids • ________________ – Unexpected Color change (i.e. clear liquid + clear liquid purple liquid)
Try this Again! Classify these CHANGES as physical or chemical. If you aren’t sure, guess! • Evaporating water __________________________ • Rust on an iron nail __________________________ • Baking cookies __________________________ • Dissolving salt in water __________________________ • Hammering Aluminum into a sheet _________________ • Cooking scrambled eggs _________________________ • Burning a marshmallow __________________________ • Melting an M&M in your mouth ____________________ • Alka seltzer in water __________________________ • Raising bread dough __________________________ • Cutting an apple __________________________
Law of Conservation of Mass • ________________is neither ______________nor ___________________during a chemical _______________ (reaction) • The ______________of the substances present _______________ the chemical change _____________ the _____________ of the substances that remain ______________the change Example Is burning wood a physical or chemical change? After a log burns, only ashes remain. Where do you think the rest of the mass went?
Example of Chemical Changes • What color was the Statue of Liberty when it was dedicated in 1886? • ____________________ • The Statue of Liberty is made of ______________ • The copper at the surface has undergone a _________________change as the result of exposure to air and water. She is now covered in __________ which is green!
