Unit 4 revision

1. Unit 4 revision

2. Area of Study • Knowledge and evaluation of the contemporary state of natural environments and the importance of healthy natural environments for the future of individuals and society

3. State of environments • What are our concerns? • Understand state of WP/MRNP/ANP • You need to be able to assess the health of an environment? • What measures can we use to assess the health of a natural environment?

4. Overview of OES study Importance of environments. Definitions of biodiversity Importance of biodiversity Importance for individuals Importance for society (resources, research, medicines, intrinsic values …) Be able to give explanations for the importance of environments for humans.

5. Biodiversity is important for our future • If we lose biodiversity we lose some of our values • Other problems may also occur • Biodiversity is essential for humans in order to ensure effective food and production supplies. • Can effect our standards of living – undeveloped countries • Why else? Your own def • I.e important as prescription drugs are derived from plants, others may be undiscovered

6. individuals • Importance for individuals (psychological benefits, health, recreation, adventure, rest, inspiration, spiritual benefits, education …)

7. Society • resources, • research, • Medicines • Intrinsic values (must be able to explain in relation to society • Education • Q. from 2006 exam paper

8. Potential impacts on society of damage • Human interactions and impacts have the potential to either diminish or enhance the state of the NE • If damage does occur it influences things such as biodiversity and our values • Also • job loss • $$ money needed to repair • Reduction in water and air quality • Increase in greenhouse • Climate change • Erosion • Less places for recreation and tourism

9. Potential impacts of significant environmental damage. Loss of biodiversity Climate change Land degradation Pollution Introduced species

10. What causes potential impacts • Impacts such as • Destruction and loss of plant and animal diversity, soil and river erosion, other associated soil problems, economic problems, loss of native species, health of coastlines and fisheries.water bodies all damaged, loss of potential medicine

11. Overview of OES study Safe and Sustainable interactions. Minimal impact actions Planning and preparation Be able to tie minimal impact actions into particular environments and/or particular activities.

12. Area of Study two • Sustaining Natural Environments

13. Conflicts of interest. Be able to write about a conflict. What it was about? Who was involved? What happened? Be able to write about an interest group. Who are they? How did they form? What are their aims? What have they done. Conflicts – occur due to differing interactions and opinions Interest groups are formed to influence decision makers, they put strategies into action to influence and put pressure on; (don’t confuse interest groups and decision makers)

14. Be able to describe and evaluate these methods. What works and what doesn’t? What are the likely effects? Methods to influence decision making. Direct action Lobbying Petitions, letters and postcards Use of media Research and publication Meetings Partnerships and coalitions

15. Decision making processes. Consultative groups Legislation Management plans Use of the court system Police action Political processes Regulations and zoning Environmental statement Management plan Apply for world heritage listing Know the pros and cons of these. Be able to target processes to real or imaginary scenarios.

16. Closing areas • Limiting numbers • Penalties • Education • Building infrastructure • Eradicate introduced species • Management of fire • Wildlife corridors Management strategies. Parks and reserves Zoning in parks Management plans Codes of conduct Weed and pest species control Fencing, signs, education Re-vegetation Research Indigenous management strategies Fire control

17. Environmental policies. Local council policies Business and industry policies State government policies and laws (such as Flora and Fauna Guarantee [FFG] Act) Federal policies and laws (such as Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act) International treaties and agreements (such as World Heritage and RAMSAR conventions) Know about one of these. What’s it for? What does it do?

18. ESD • What is ESD? • How do the area above aim to achieve ESD? • What are sustainable recreational activities?

19. Maintaining sustainable environments. Renewable energy options Ecotourism Landcare, Coastcare, Land for wildlife Green architecture Sustainability guidelines What can individuals do?