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UNIT 4 REVISION

UNIT 4 REVISION. PLASTICITY. Ivan Pavlov and his dogs. The Key Elements of Classical Conditioning. The Neutral Stimulus (NS) - The name given to the conditioned stimulus before it becomes conditioned. NS = Bell

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UNIT 4 REVISION

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  1. UNIT 4 REVISION

  2. PLASTICITY

  3. Ivan Pavlov and his dogs

  4. The Key Elements of Classical Conditioning • The Neutral Stimulus (NS) - The name given to the conditioned stimulus before it becomes conditioned. NS = Bell • The Conditioned Stimulus (CS) - The stimulus which is neutral at the start of conditioning. It wouldn't normally produce the UCR, but does after repeated associations with the UCS. CS = Bell • The Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) - Any stimulus that consistently produces a naturally occurring/automatic response.UCS = food. • The Unconditioned Response (UCR) - A response which occurs automatically when the UCS is presented. UCR = Salivation. • The Conditioned Response (CR) - The learned response that is produced by the CS. CR = Salivation in response to the Bell (CS).

  5. TYPES OF REINFORCEMENT AND PUNISHMENT

  6. Classical Vs Operant Conditioning

  7. BANDURA’S EXPERIMENTS

  8. LATENT LEARNING • Learning that occurs without any direct reinforcement but remains hidden until it is needed.

  9. Categorical approaches • Thoughts, feelings and behaviours can be categorised – certain categorisation relates to specific disorders. EG) DSM and ICD

  10. Dimensional approaches Quantifies persons symptoms and other characteristics with numerical values. EG) MMPI TRANSITIONAL: A symptom can be a varying in degree along a continuum. Clinicians can monitor this transition over time. GRADING: A clinician can rate the severity of a symptom or disorder by allocating a grade.

  11. Strengths and Weaknesses of dimensional approaches

  12. Lazarus and folkman’s transactional model of stress and coping

  13. Lazarus and folkman’s transactional model of stress and coping (1984)

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