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API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP

API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP. CHAIR - JIM BENNETT EXXONMOBIL. PROPOSED RP – UP FOR APPROVAL – 11V8. RP 11V8 – Gas Lift System Design and Performance Prediction John Martinez – Work Group Leader

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API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP

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  1. API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP CHAIR - JIM BENNETT EXXONMOBIL

  2. PROPOSED RP – UP FOR APPROVAL – 11V8 • RP 11V8 – Gas Lift System Design and Performance Prediction • John Martinez – Work Group Leader • The RP emphasizes gas lift as a system and discusses methods used to predict its performance. Information must be gathered and models validated prior to a system design, which must precede wellbore gas lift mandrel and valve design. The subsurface and surface components of the system must be designed together to enhance the strengths of each and to minimize the constraints.

  3. RP 11V8 1.0 Overview of a Gas Lift System 2 1.1 Major Components of a Gas Lift System 2 A. Gas Compression and Distribution System B. Subsurface Equipment C. Gas and Liquid Gathering System 1.2 Ways in Which System Components Interact 5 2.0 Types of Gas Lift Systems 7 2.1 Continuous Gas Lift 7 2.2 Intermittent Gas Lift 8 A. Two-Packer Chamber B. Insert Chamber 2.3 Gas lift with Plunger 10 2.4 Gas Lift Tubing/Packer Alternatives 11 A. Open B. Semi-Closed C. Closed

  4. 3.0 Information Required for Effective Gas Lift 13 3.1 Fluid PVT Data 13 A. PVT Data Available B. PVT Data Not Available 3.2 Flowing Pressure and Temperature Surveys 17 A. Pressure Surveys B. Measured Temperatures 3.3 Production Tests 19 A. Test Accuracy B. Test Frequency C. Test Duration D. Flowline Purging 3.4 Gas lift Valve Performance Information 23 A. Types of Gas lift Valves B. Valve Opening C. Valve Gas Passage Performance 3.5 Field Constraints 25 A. Available Pressure for Injection B. Minimum Wellhead Pressure C. Maximum Gas Availability D. Other Constraints

  5. 4.0 Well Deliverability 32 4.1 Basic Models 32 A. Fluid Pressure Profile B. Gas Pressure Profile C. Temperature Profile D. Inflow Performance 4.2 System Models 40 A. Production Rate vs. Bottomhole Pressure B. Production Rate vs. Injection Depth C. Production Rate vs. Injection Gas Rate D. Production Rate vs. Wellhead Pressure E. Effects of Deeper/Shallower Injection Depths F. Predicting Gas Requirements

  6. 5.0 Factors which Affect Potential Production Rate and Gas Injection Requirement 46 5.1 Casing Pressure and Gas Injection Rate 46 5.2 Depth of Injection 48 5.3 Casing, Tubing, and Flowline Sizes 49 5.4 Gas lift Valves 51 5.5 Reservoir Depth, Pressure, and Temperature 52 5.6 Well Inflow Productivity 53 5.7 Percent Water in Produced Fluid 54 5.8 Solution and Free Gas in Produced Fluid 54 5.9 Operating Separator Pressure 55 5.10 Wellbore Deviation 55

  7. 6.0 Other Gas Lift Design Considerations 57 6.1 Gas Supply 57 A. Compressor Power B. Suction Pressure vs. Gas Lift Gas Requirement C. Gas Dehydration D. Chemical Additives 6.2 Gas Lift Gas Distribution System 67 A. Trunk Line System B. Spider System C. Combination System 6.3 Injection Gas Measurement and Control 69 A. Gas Measurement Methods B. Gas Injection Rate Control Methods C. Automatic Measurement and Control 6.4 Gathering, Testing, and Handling of Produced Fluids 72 A. Effects of Various Wellhead Designs B. Flowline Effects C. Effective Well Testing 6.5 Special Design Cases 73 A. Dual Completions B. Annular Flow C. Lifting with CO2 or N2

  8. 7.0 Gas lift Optimization 76 7.1 Economic Basis for Optimization 76 7.2 Determination of Gas lift System Economic Costs and Benefits 77 7.3 Implementation of Field Optimization 79 7.4 What is Practical and What is Impractical 81 8.0 Computer Design Tools 83 8.1 Vertical Pressure Profile Models 83 A. Empirical Models B. Mechanistic Models 8.2 Vertical Temperature Profile Models 87 8.3 Well Inflow Performance Models 88 9.0 Operating Considerations 91 9.1 Gas lift Operator's Problems 91 9.2 Design Strategies for Effective Long Term Operation 95 9.3 Check List of Gas lift System Problems and Recommendations 96

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