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Project of Super B as Superflavor Factory

Project of Super B as Superflavor Factory. Marcello A. Giorgi Università di Pisa & INFN Pisa September 26,2008 Novosibirsk-Russia. 1. 1. Great achievements from e+e- factories PEPII and KEKB. Flavour Physics was recently in the front line of the stage thanks to the e+ e- factories.

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Project of Super B as Superflavor Factory

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  1. Project of SuperB as Superflavor Factory Marcello A. GiorgiUniversità di Pisa & INFN Pisa September 26,2008 Novosibirsk-Russia Marcello A.Giorgi 1 1

  2. Great achievements from e+e- factories PEPII and KEKB Flavour Physics was recently in the front line of the stage thanks to the e+ e- factories. 2001 CP violation in B sector from Time dependent analysis 2003 Discovery of new charm particles start a new spectroscopy season with DsJ 2004 Direct CP violation in B sector 2006 Limits on MSSM parameters from Btn 2006 UL on t decay LFV 2007 Charm mixing from D0 D0bar decay 2008 hb discovery Marcello A.Giorgi 2 2

  3. What in the next decade will e+ e- factories say about new physics and contribute as complementary to LHC and LHCb ? (Some) Results of B-Factories Spectroscopy of new, unexpected states Btn setting limits on MSSM parameters Unitarity Triangle precision measurements New DK state(s) at 2.86GeV/c2 Ds2(2573)+ D0 – D0 mixing No Mixing Well beyond the original goals Marcello A.Giorgi 3 3

  4. Constraints on CKM Precise measurements of CKM parameters in quark sector, challenging new physics can come from a wide spectrum of future projects (some approved, some close to approval, some….): In Kaons there are projects for a next generation of experiments : at Cern(NA62) , Kloe at upgraded DaFne? K0pi0 like experiment ???). In charm, t and b: • BES upgrade, KEKB upgrade, • Super c- t here in Novosibirsk and • SuperB SuperB and Super c-t are based on the crab waist concept invented by P.Raimondi in 2006. Background not exceeding too much the present Babar, thanks to low current, crossing angle and a careful design of the Interaction Region. Marcello A.Giorgi 4 4

  5. Two frontiers for the exploration of New Physics Marcello A.Giorgi

  6. High Luminosity potential Flavour precision measurements sensitive to New Physics (NP) Measure interference effect in known processes Measure decays: rare or forbidden in Standard Model NP effects governed by New Physics Scale NP( Λ) Effective coupling C Different Intensities (from interactions) Different Patterns (for instance from simmetries) With 7-10x1010 pair bb, cc, tt (75-100 ab-1) it is possible • NP(Λ) found at LHC • Determine couplings FV e CPV of NP • Look for heavier states • Study the flavour structure of NP • NP(Λ) not found at LHC • Look for indirect signals of NP • Link them to explaining NP models • Constrain regions in parameter space with NP(L) sensitivity up several tens of TeV. Some channels as t LFV clear segnals of NP Marcello A.Giorgi 6 6

  7. NP sensitivity with 75 ab-1 Today SuperB+Lattice improvements r = 0.163 ± 0.028 h = 0.344± 0.016 Improving CKM is crucial to look for NP r = ± 0.0028 h = ± 0.0024 Marcello A.Giorgi 7 7

  8. B Physics @ Y(4S) Charm mixing and CP Charm FCNC t Physics Bs Physics @ Y(5S) Marcello A.Giorgi 8 8

  9. some EXAMPLES. Marcello A.Giorgi 9

  10. Higgs-mediated NP in MFV at large tanb 2ab-1 10ab-1 2ab-1 MH~0.4-0.8 TeV for tanb~30-60 tan b tan b How signal would like with MH=350GeV 75ab-1 SuperB -75ab-1 MH~1.2-2.5 TeV for tanb~30-60 tan b tan b Importance of having very large sample ≥75ab-1 Marcello A.Giorgi 10 10

  11. COMPLEMENTARY: LHC and Flavour with 75 ab-1 IF LHC DISCOVERS SUPERSYMMETRY Red are LHC+EW constraints+ SuperB Blue is LHC alone Marcello A.Giorgi 11 11

  12. MFV : SNOWMASS points SPS4 ruled out by present values ofBsg. SPS1a is the least favorable for flavour, but SuperB and only SuperB can observe 2sdeviations in several observables Marcello A.Giorgi 12 12

  13. In the red regions the d are measured with a significance >3s away from zero 1 10-1 10-2 = (0.026 ± 0.005) Arg(d23)LR=(44.5± 2.6)o 1 10 1 TeV MSSM+generic soft SUSY breaking terms New Physics contribution (2-3 families) • Flavour-changing NP effects in the squark propagator • NP scale SUSY mass • flavour-violating coupling ~ g ~ ~ s b s b Marcello A.Giorgi 13 13

  14. Determination of coupling [in this case : (d13)LL] with 10 ab-1 and 75 ab-1 Im (d13)LL Im (d13)LL SM SM Re (d13)LL Re (d13)LL Importance of having very large sample >75ab-1 Marcello A.Giorgi 14 14

  15. Some comparison: Current 10ab-1 75ab-1 Actual limit Marcello A.Giorgi 15 15

  16. is also a t factory golden measurement LFV (Complementarity with m  e g) Further improvements if polarized beams. Optimization of BKG rejection is in progress. Pol. Helps also to discriminate models. In some model there is a strong effect on the angular distribution of m from signal: Marcello A.Giorgi 16 16

  17. Comparison with Snowmass points on Tau using also Polarization SuperKEKB worse by a factor 2.5 and 4.5 in t mg and >5 in t 3m SuperB with 75 ab-1, evaluation assuming the most conservative scenario about syst. errors LFV 5s disc 1÷2 Marcello A.Giorgi 17 17

  18. Tau g-2 Start with the expt. with m <1 Make use of all the informations (total x-section,angular distribution, f-b asymmetry. Measure Re and Im parts Marcello A.Giorgi 18 18

  19. Charm Physics Charm physics using the charm produced at U(4S) Consider that running 4 month at threshold we will collect 1000 times the stat. of CLEO-C ~ 10 times of futire BESIII Charm physics at threshold 0.3 ab-1 Strong dynamics and CKM measurements @threshold(4GeV) x~1%, exclusive Vub ~ few % syst. error on g from Dalitz Model <1o D decay form factor and decay constant @ 1% Dalitz structure useful for g measurement D mixing Rare decays FCNC down to 10-8 Better studied using the high statistics collected at U(4S) @threshold(4GeV) Marcello A.Giorgi 19 19 CP Violation in mixing could now addressed

  20. CP Violation in charm NOW SuperB Marcello A.Giorgi 20 20

  21. Charm Charm events at threshold are very clean: pure DD, no additional fragmentation High signal/bkg ratio: optimal for decays with neutrinos. Quantum Coherence: new and alternative CP violation measurement wrt to (4S). Unique opportunity to measure D0-D0 relative phase. Increased statistics is not an advantage running at threshold: cross-section 3x wrt 10GeV but luminosity 10x smaller. SuperB lumi at 4 GeV = 1035 cm-2s-1 produces ~109 DD pairs per month of running. (using Cleo-c cross-section measurement s(e+e-D0D0)~3.6 nb + s(e+e-D+D-)~2.8 nb ~ 6.4 nb) Time-dependent measurements at 4 GeV only possible at SuperB. Marcello A.Giorgi 21 21

  22. Time dependent measurements at DD threshold: only possible at SuperB SuperB lumi at 4 GeV = 1035 cm-2s-1 produces ~109 DD per month SuperB nominal boost bgct = 0.28  120 mm ~ 30mm Average flight distance similar to vertex resolution st~t bg Resolution is still adequate for time dependent measurements Error on lifetime (wrt perfect resolution) • Proper time resolution dominated by decay vertex resolution. • Production vertex precisely determined thanks to nm beamspot dimensions Marcello A.Giorgi 22 22

  23. Luminosity geometrical Reduction factor • For gaussian bunches: Ne+ ( Ne- ) is the number of positrons (electrons) in a bunch fcoll is the collision frequency σx (σy) is the horizontal (vertical) r.m.s. size at the I.P. Rl is the Luminosity Reduction factor by incomplete overlap: crossing angle and “hour glass” effect. • TRADITIONAL (brute force): increase the numerator Currents increase: from 1A on 2 A up to 4.1 A on 9.4 A- Wall Plug Power, HOM,CSR: hard to surpass 5 1035 cm2s-1Crab Crossing to increase Rland to optimize beam dynamic • SuperB: decrease the denominator (same currents as PEP-II) Bunch sizes: from σy = 3μm down to σy = 40 nm Luminosity: 1036 cm2s-1 ( baseline) . Crab Waist and large Piwinsky angle to optimize beam dynamic Marcello A.Giorgi 23

  24. CRAB WAIST M.Zobov will talk in detail about crab waist and the Dafne test. Marcello A.Giorgi

  25. CRAB WAIST TEST IN FRASCATI Vertical scan Marcello A.Giorgi

  26. SuperB Test of crab waist at DaFne (LNF) Luminosity stable above 2.0x1032 reached LUMINOMETERS Crab OFF Crab ON Transverse beam dimensions at the Synchrotron Light Monitor e- x y e+ Blow-up in beam sizes and decrease in Bhabha rates observed when crab sexts for one ring OFF (other ring ON) Marcello A.Giorgi 26 Sept 9,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi

  27. SuperB parameters with higher Wall Power Asymmetric bunch size to optimize beam lifetime (Touschek effect) 150m needed for Polarization LEB HEB Doubling currents with a factor 2 in Wall power we can double the luminosity Marcello A.Giorgi 27

  28. SuperB expected LUMI >80ab-1 in 7th year After 7th year integrated Luminosity can grow at rate of 40 ÷ 60ab-1/year Marcello A.Giorgi 28

  29. Super flavor factory projects Marcello A.Giorgi 29

  30. SuperB SuperB is an asymmetric collider (7GeV e- ,4GeV e+) Baseline peak luminosty 10 36 (upgradable). 15-60 ab-1/year as dictated by the physics program. e- beam longitudinally polarized (85%). Possibility of operating (ASYMMETRIC) at threshold for D0 CP violation studywith time dependent analysis. COMPLEMENTARY to a Super c-t symmetric factory. Marcello A.Giorgi

  31. Detector Layout – Reuse parts of Babar BASELINE Geant4 model OPTION Test beam goals for 2008-2010 • Particle ID system (forward system) • Radiators (Aerogel, NaF) • Photon detector (MCP, MAPMTs, SiPM) • Timing for TOF system • Electromagnetic Calorimeter • Forw: LYSO Crystals leakage, resolution, mechanical structure • Back: Lead-scintillator calorimeter resolution • Instrumented Flux Return • Scintillator, fibers, photon detector, readout electronics • Silicon Vertex Tracker • MAPS pixel devices: resolution, efficiency, readout speed • (now under test at CERN !) • Advanced trigger systems (Associative Memories) • Drift Chamber • Cell size, shape, and gas mixture Marcello A.Giorgi 31

  32. Beam test on MAPS for layer 0 T-1,2,3,4 :reference telescope modules Striplets-2 S2 T-4,3 T-2,1 MAPS-1 beam MAPS-2 Striplets-1 S3 S1 • Beam test started last week @ CERN (T9). Main goals: • DNW MAPS matrix resolution & efficiency • Thin (200 mm) striplets module with FSSR2 readout chips • Demostrate LVL1 capability with tracker information sent to Associative Memories • New DAQ system developed for data push architecture Marcello A.Giorgi

  33. Marcello A.Giorgi

  34. Marcello A.Giorgi

  35. PROCESS SuperB process is going on after the scrutiny of many international committees. Marcello A.Giorgi

  36. Reviews summary INFN Internation Review Comm • John Dainton – UK/Daresbury, chair • Jacques Lefrancois – F/Orsay • Antonio Masiero – I/Padova • Rolf Heuer – D/ Desy • Daniel Schulte – CERN • Abe Seiden – USA/UCSC • Young-Kee Kim – USA/FNAL • Hiroaki Aihara – Japan/Tokyo + Tatsuya Nakada (RECFA) + Steve Myers – accel expert Report released May 2008 recommend strongly continuation of work for 1036 cm-2 s-1 asymmetric e+e- collider RECFA Committee • Tatsuya Nakada • Yanis Karyotakis • Frank Linde • Bernhard Spaan SuperB presented twice at ECFA Presentation fall 08 to CERN strategy group • chair Steinar Stapnes Mini Machine Advisory Commitee • Klaus Balewski (DESY) • John Corlett (LBNL) • Jonathan Dorfan (SLAC, Chair) • Tom Himel (SLAC/ DESY) • Claudio Pellegrini (UCLA) • Daniel Schulte (CERN) • Ferdi Willeke (BNL) • Andy Wolski (Liverpool) • Frank Zimmermann (CERN) First meeting in July 16-17,2008 No glaring showstoppers Form a management structure DOE Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) Report released May 2008 Recommend significant US Participation in offshore flavour factory in the intermediate funding scenario Marcello A.Giorgi

  37. Comments on reviews • Link to meetings and reports: http://www.pi.infn.it/SuperB/reviews • Dainton committee  • Mini MAC • Very exciting project -- Committee is exhilarated by the challenge • Physics requirement of 10**36 cm-2 sec-1 or 75 ab-1/5yr is very demanding • Committee considers the SINGLE MOST ESSENTIAL ingredient for moving forward is the formation of a sanctioned management structure which formally incorporates a dedicated machine design team. The team members must have the strong support of their home institutions to work on the design. The team needs a designated leader, who is as close to full time as is possible • The Committee sees no glaring showstoppers wrt achieving the design performance. However, in several key areas, more work is needed before the design can be blessed Marcello A.Giorgi

  38. The process SuperB presented twice at ECFA RECFA Committee • Tatsuya Nakada • Yanis Karyotakis • Frank Linde • Bernhard Spaan RECFA meeting in Athens October ’08 Plenary ECFA Nov . 28,2008 Final report to Cern Strategy Group at the December Council meeting. Project has been presented last Friday Sept 19 by R. Petronzio at the CERN council. Discussion already with the Cern Strategy group secretary Steiner Stapness. FINAL REPORT EXPECTED BY MARCH 09. MEANWHILE we are elaborating the management structure of SuperB Marcello A.Giorgi

  39. END Marcello A.Giorgi 39 39

  40. Charm Charm events at threshold are very clean: pure DD, no additional fragmentation High signal/bkg ratio: optimal for decays with neutrinos. Quantum Coherence: new and alternative CP violation measurement wrt to (4S). Unique opportunity to measure D0-D0 relative phase. Increased statistics is not an advantage running at threshold: cross-section 3x wrt 10GeV but luminosity 10x smaller. SuperB lumi at 4 GeV = 1035 cm-2s-1 produces ~109 DD pairs per month of running. (using Cleo-c cross-section measurement [s(e+e-D0D0)~3.6 nb ] +[ s(e+e-D+D-)~2.8 nb] ~ 6.4 nb) Time-dependent measurements at 4 GeV only possible at SuperB to extract Phase . Marcello A.Giorgi 40 40 Marcello A. Giorgi

  41. CP Violation in charm from mixing NOW SuperB Marcello A.Giorgi 41 41 Sept 9,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi Marcello A. Giorgi

  42. Time dependent measurements at DD threshold:only possible at SuperB • Proper time resolution dominated by decay vertex resolution. • Production vertex precisely determined thanks to nm beamspot dimensions With SuperB lumi at 4 GeV = 1035 cm-2s-1 expected ~109 DD per month SuperB nominal boost bgct = 0.28  120 mm ~ 30mm Average flight distance similar to vertex resolutionst~t bg Marcello A.Giorgi 42 42 LNF July 16,2008 Sept 9,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi Marcello A. Giorgi

  43. Crab Waist Crab waist: modulation of the y-waist position, particles collides a same βy realized with a sextupole upstream the IP. Minimization of nonlinear terms in the beam-beam interaction: reduced emittance growth, suppression of betatron and sincro-betatron coupling Maximization of the bunch-bunch overlap: luminosity gain Low wall power Marcello A.Giorgi 43

  44. Luminosity and specific luminosity with and without Crab Sextupoles Marcello A.Giorgi

  45. SVT - Layer 0 Options • The BaBar SVT technology is adequate for R > 3cm: use design similar to BaBar SVT • Layer0 is subject to large backround and needs to be extremely thin: > 5MHz/cm2, 1MRad/yr, < 0.5%X0 G.Rizzo Striplets option: mature technology, not so robust against background. • Marginal with background rate higher than ~ 5 MHz/cm2 • Moderate R&D needed on module interconnection/mechanics/FE chip (FSSR2) CMOS MAPS option • new & challenging technology: • can provide the required thickness • existing devices are too slow • Extensive R&D ongoing (SLIM5-Collaboration) on 3-well devices 50x50um2 Hybrid Pixel Option: tends to be too thick. • An example: Alice hybrid pixel module ~ 1% X0 • Possible material reduction with the latest technology improvements • Viable option, although marginal Marcello A.Giorgi

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