Heredity

1. Heredity

2. DNA • DNA stores all of the information that makes each of us who we are. • Controls the traits we possess • Trait=Physical Characteristic • Examples include skin color, eye color, height, eye sight, hair color, etc....

3. Heredity • Heredity= The passing of genetic material from parent to offspring. • Gene= Basic unit of heredity; a group of DNA • Inherited traits are controlled by genes • Example: eye color • Allele= Variation of a gene • Example: Blue eyes or Brown Eyes

4. Asexual Reproduction • Reproduction that occurs when one organism produces offspring with identical DNA as the parent • Advantage: Quick and only requires one organism to reproduce. • Disadvantage: All offspring are identical or “clones” of the parent, no genetic diversity

5. Examples

6. Sexual Reproduction • Reproduction that occurs between two organisms that result in the offspring getting DNA from both parents • Advantages: Greater genetic diversity • Disadvantages: Takes two organisms and more energy.

7. Examples

8. Dominant and Recessive Alleles • In sexual reproduction, offspring receive one allele from each parent. • One allele is dominant to the other allele • The dominant allele is always expressed when present in an offspring • Example: Eye Color • Brown is dominant=B • Blue is recessive=b • If one brown allele is present the offspring will have brown eyes

9. Punnet Squares • Punnet Squares are used to predict the traits of the offspring between two parents based on their alleles. Parent 1 Parent 2

10. Punnet Squares continued Parent 1 Parent 2

11. Punnet Squares Continued Parent 1 Parent 2

12. Punnet Squares Continued Parent 1 Parent 2

13. Punnet Squares Continued Parent 1 Parent 2

14. Punnet Squares Continued Parent 1 Parent 2

15. Punnet Squares Continued Parent 1 Parent 2