1 / 13

Trends On The Periodic Table

Trends On The Periodic Table. The Periodic Table Electronegativity Size of Atoms and Ions State Metals and Non-metals Oxides Chlorides. The Periodic Table of the Elements.

ishmael-conrad
Download Presentation

Trends On The Periodic Table

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Trends On The Periodic Table The Periodic Table Electronegativity Size of Atoms and Ions State Metals and Non-metals Oxides Chlorides

  2. The Periodic Table of the Elements • The Periodic table as we know it today was arranged by a Russian Chemist named Mendeleev. He arranged it according to the physical and chemical properties of the elements • It is arranged in rows (across) called Periods and columns (down) called Groups • Groups of elements show certain trends – they have similar properties

  3. Electronegativity • As mentioned earlier, electronegativity is the ability of a nucleus to attract its valence/bonding electrons. It follows certain trends on the table: • As you go across (left to right) it gets stronger • As you go up it gets stronger

  4. Atomic Radii • Atoms and ions have certain sizes depending on: • The amount of electrons (negatives) • The pull from the nucleus (positive protons) • For the third period (row) the atomic radius for each atom gets smaller across the table • Even though the atoms have got more electrons their electronegativity is increasing causing the electrons to be pulled closer in to the nucleus

  5. Ionic Radii • The third period ions look very different: • The positive ions (cations) have lost electrons and so therefore there is a greater proportion of positive pull per electron. They are therefore pulled in closer to the nucleus • The negative ions (anions) have gained electrons and therefore there is less positive pull per electron. They are therefore not pulled as close to the nucleus, instead they drift further away • Summary: The more electrons you add the more the electrons spread out. The more electrons you take away the more the rest are pulled in towards the nucleus (protons)

  6. The Periodic Table - States

  7. Metals and Non-metals

  8. Oxides of the Third Period • As the elements of the third period form compounds with oxygen, certain trends appear: • Metal oxides are ionic, non-metal oxides are covalent • The first two are basic, middle two are amphoteric (they can act as bases or acids) an last three are acidic • What are their formulae? Is there a trend?

  9. Chlorides of the Third Period • As the third period elements form compound with chlorine certain trends appear also: • The first three are ionic, the rest are covalent • They are all soluble • The first two are neutral, the rest are acidic • What are their formulae? Is there a trend?

  10. Appendix • The next three pages contain: • Full Periodic table of Atomic Radii • Full Periodic Table of Ionic Radii • An extra blank Periodic Table

More Related