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Black Hole Jets

Black Hole Jets. Acceleration of jets Collimation of jets Superluminal motion Evolution of jets. A black hole is observed at a luminosity of 60,000 solar luminosities. The black hole mass must be. at least 2 solar masses less than 2 solar masses exactly 2 solar masses

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Black Hole Jets

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  1. Black Hole Jets • Acceleration of jets • Collimation of jets • Superluminal motion • Evolution of jets

  2. A black hole is observed at a luminosity of 60,000 solar luminosities. The black hole mass must be • at least 2 solar masses • less than 2 solar masses • exactly 2 solar masses • impossible to determine

  3. Jets | -- Size of our Galaxy -- |

  4. Jets

  5. Acceleration of a jet

  6. Collimation of a jet

  7. Origin of jets is an unsolved problem • The production and propagation of jets is a major topic in current research. See, for example: http://www.aas.org/meetings/aas206/

  8. About how large is the radius of a 1 million solar mass black hole such as those which may exist at the centers of many galaxies? • a few km • a few thousand km • a few million km • a few billion km

  9. Rotating black holes • For non-rotating black holes: • - event horizon is at the Schwarzschild radius • - inner edge of the disk is at 3 Schwarzschild radii • For maximally rotating black holes: • - event horizon is at ½ Schwarzschild radius • - inner edge of the disk is at ½ Schwarzschild radius • Schwarzschild radius = 3 km (M/MSun)

  10. Superluminal motion

  11. What is the lifetime of this jet? | ------------------ | = 150,000 light years

  12. Evolution of Jets • Jets from active galaxies are large and change slowly. • Jets from solar-mass black holes are smaller, by the ratio of the black hole masses, and change more rapidly. • It is possible to study the evolution of jets from solar-mass black hole. • Show movie and then animation.

  13. Review Questions • How are jets accelerated? • How are jets collimated? • Do superluminal jets really move faster than the speed of light? • Do the jets of stellar-mass black holes evolve faster or slower than the jets of supermassive black holes?

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