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Classification. 18.1 Finding Order in Diversity. Why Classify?. To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner. Taxonomy . Assigning Scientific Names. Common names can be confusing and vary between regions.
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Classification 18.1 Finding Order in Diversity
Why Classify? • To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner. • Taxonomy
Assigning Scientific Names • Common names can be confusing and vary between regions. • Scientists agreed to use Latin and Greek when assigning scientific names to organisms. • This practice is still followed today as new organisms are discovered.
Binomial Nomenclature • Two-word naming system used in differentiating a species • Genus species • A genus is a group of related species. • Ursusarctos • Ursusmaritimus
Linnaeus's System of Classification • Includes seven levels- from smallest to largest • Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom • Each level is called a taxon.
Linnaeus's System of Classification • Family • Genera that share many characteristics • Ursidae • UrsidaeUrsusarctos • UrsidaeUrsusmaritimus • UrsidaeAiluropodamelanoleuca
Linnaeus's System of Classification • Order • Broad taxanomic category composed of similar families • Carnivora • Canidae • Felidae • Ursidae
Linnaeus's System of Classification • Class • Composed of similar orders • Mammalia • Includes animals that are warm blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young.
Linnaeus's System of Classification • Phylum • Includes many different organisms that share important characteristics • Chordata • Mammalia • Aves • Reptilia • Amphibia • Several classes of fish
Linnaeus's System of Classification • Kingdom • Largest and most inclusive level • Linnaeus started with only 2- Animals & Plants • Now, we recognize 6! • Plants, Animals, Protists, Fungi, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria.