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Socialization SOC110: Introduction to Sociology Sarah Goodrum, Ph.D.

Socialization SOC110: Introduction to Sociology Sarah Goodrum, Ph.D. Nature vs. Nurture Theories of Socialization Agents of Socialization. Socialization. process of social interaction through which people acquire personality and learn the way of life of their society.

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Socialization SOC110: Introduction to Sociology Sarah Goodrum, Ph.D.

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  1. SocializationSOC110: Introduction to SociologySarah Goodrum, Ph.D. Nature vs. Nurture Theories of Socialization Agents of Socialization

  2. Socialization • process of social interaction through which people acquire personality and learn the way of life of their society.

  3. Nature vs. NurtureWhy are humans the way they are? • From the 1850s-1980s, people debated whether our personalities and social behavior were the product of nature OR nurturing. • nature (or heredity) • nurture (or learning) • It’s now viewed as a futile debate, because we recognize that we’re a complex interaction of the two.

  4. Theories of SocializationHow do we acquire culture? • Freud’s Theory of Personality(nature + nurture) • 3 Parts to Personality: • Id – drive for gratification • Ego – the balance between drives and societal demands • Superego – overtime internalize societal demands • e.g., Sylvester and Tweety bird • Freud believed that personality disorders developed when the id or superego took over.

  5. Theories of SocializationHow do we acquire culture? • George Herbert Mead(the “self” emerges from social interaction) • 2 Parts of the Self: • “I” - active, creative self • e.g., I want to go to the movies. • “me” - internalized social demands • e.g., What will they think of me? • Mead’s 3 Stages in Childhood: • imitation – mimic and imitate people • play stage – taking the role of the other • game stage – taking on the role of the generalized other (more than one individual)

  6. Agents of Socialization • significant individual, group, or institution that provides structured situation(s) in which socialization takes place

  7. Agents of Socialization • Family– primary agent of socialization • e.g., boys vs. girls • Peer Groups– most powerful form of socialization after family because it’s voluntary • e.g., Pollution Rituals • School– academic and hidden curriculum • e.g., kindergarten • Mass Media– introduces us to an array of people known only indirectly • e.g., sports figures, politicians, authors, announcers

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