SYSTEMATIC ANATOMY The Bones of Limbs Lectured By：Liang Shaohua

1. SYSTEMATIC ANATOMYThe Bones of LimbsLectured By：Liang Shaohua Department Of Anatomy Binzhou Medical University

2. The Bones of Limbs the bones of shoulder girdle light and small The bones of upper limb 64 the bones of free upper limb the bones of pelvic girdle heavy and large The bones of lower limb 62 the bones of free lower limb

3. The bones of upper limb • Composition： • The bones of shoulder girdle • clavicle • scapula • The bones of free upper limb • humerus • radius and ulna • the bones of hand • carpal bones 8 • metacarpal bones 5 • phalanges 14

4. The bones of shoulder girdle clavicle acromial end sternal end

5. scapula two surfaces： Anterior:subscapular fossa Posterior: spine of scapula, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa and acromion three borders： Superior border: scapular notch and coracoid process Medial border Lateral border three angles： Superior angle: the 2nd rib Inferior angle: the 7th ribor intercostal space Lateral angle: glenoid cavity, supraglenoid and infraglenoid tubercles

6. acromion superior angle supraspinous fossa coracoid process superior border • scapula lateral angle spine of scapula lateral border glenoid cavity medial border infraspinous fossa scapular notch inferior angle subscapular fossa

7. head of humerus anatomical neck greater tubercle lesser tubercle intertubercular sulcus crest of greater tubercle crest of lesser tubercle surgical neck capitulum of humerus trochlea of humerus radial fossa coronoid fossa The upper end The lower end olecranon fossa The bones of free upper limb humerus lateral epicondyle medial epicondyle sulcus for ulnar nerve deltoid tuberosity shaft sulcus for radial nerve

8. head of humerus anatomical neck greater tubercle humerus lesser tubercle deltoid tuberosity intertubercular sulcus sulcus for radial nerve crest of greater tubercle surgical neck crest of lesser tubercle olecranon fossa capitulum of humerus coronoid fossa lateral epicondyle medial epicondyle sulcus for ulnar nerve trochlea of humerus

9. radius and ulna（cobra） The upper end The upper end head of radius neck of radius radial tuberosity articular circumference olecranon trochlear notch coronoid process radial notch ulnar tuberosity The shaft interosseous border The shaft interosseous border The lower end The lower end styloid process of radius ulnar notch carpal articular surface head of ulna styloid process of ulna

10. radius and ulna head of radius neck of radius radial tuberosity olecranon trochlear notch coronoid process radial notch ulnar tuberosity interosseous border styloid process ulnar notch carpal articular surface head of ulna styloid process of ulna

11. The bones of hand carpal bones 8： proximal row： scaphoid, lunate, triquetral and pisiform bones； distal row ： trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate bones metacarpal bones5 base, bodyand head phalanges14 proximal, middle and distal phalanx

12. The bones of lower limb Composition： • The bones of pelvic girdle • hip bone • The bones of free lower limb • femur • tibia and fibula • patella • the bones of foot tarsal bones:7 metatarsalbones:5 phalanges of toes:14

13. Hip bone：ilium, ischium and pubis acetabulum acetabular notch acetabular fossa lunate surface obturator foramen

14. hip bone：ilium, pubis and ischium body of ilium ala of ilium • ilium iliac fossa iliac crest iliac tubercle anterior superior iliac spine posterior superior iliac spine gluteal surface anterior inferior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine auricularsurface greater sciatic notch arcuate line

15. ilium iliac tubercle arcuate line auricularsurface posterior superior iliac spine iliac crest gluteal surface iliac fossa anterior superior iliac spine anterior inferior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine greater sciatic notch

16. body of pubis body of ischium pubis ischium ramus of pubis ramus of ischium pecten pubis ischial spine pubic tubercle lesser sciatic notch ischial tuberosity symphysial surface

17. The bones of free lower limb femoral head fovea of femoral head neck of femur greater trochanter lesser trochanter intertrochanteric line intertrochanteric crest The upper end linea aspera The shaft medial condyle lateral condyle intercondylar fossa medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle adductor turberosity The lower end femur

18. Fracture of the femoral neck

19. tibia and fibula The upper end The upper end fibular head fibular neck medial condyle lateral condyle intercondylar eminence fibular articular facet tibial tuberosity The shaft interosseous border The shaft interosseous border The lower end lateral malleolus The lower end medial malleolus fibular notch

20. patella：the biggest sesamoid bone

21. The bones of foot proximal row： talus, calcaneus and navicular bone medial cuneiform bones intermediate cuneiform bones lateral cuneiform bones cuboid bone tarsal bones 7 distal row ： metatarsalbones 5 base, bodyand distal head proximal, middle and distal phalanx phalanges of toes 14

22. Thanks!