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Lecture Exam #2

Lecture Exam #2. Bi 10, November 1, 2013. Agenda. Administrative Stuff Rules + Format Multiple Choice Section One-Word Answer Section Free Response Section Wrap-up. Rules and Format. Closed book, no collaboration

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Lecture Exam #2

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  1. Lecture Exam #2 Bi 10, November 1, 2013

  2. Agenda • Administrative Stuff • Rules + Format • Multiple Choice Section • One-Word Answer Section • Free Response Section • Wrap-up

  3. Rules and Format • Closed book, no collaboration • No talking or phone use – talking/phone use/cheating is grounds for a zero grade • Raise a hand and ask if you need clarification • Answers will be on index cards. Put your name on every index card before turning in the test!

  4. Card Format • Index card 1, front: Number 1 – 15 for multiple choice • Index card 1, reverse: Number 16 – 20 for short answer • Index card 2, front: 21 • Index card 2, reverse: 22 • Index card 3, front: 23 • Index card 3, reverse: 24 and 25

  5. Question 1 Which of the following occurs in all living organisms? (Choose only one.) • Mitosis • Transcription • Reverse Transcription • Cancer • Meiosis

  6. Question 2 Cancer results from a loss of control over... (choose only one) • Meiosis • The cell cycle and mitosis • Translation • The Calvin Cycle • PCR

  7. Question 3 During the light reactions of photosynthesis, which of the following does NOT occur? Energy from sunlight is captured by chlorophyll. NADPH is produced from NADP+. ATP is produced from ADP. Carbon dioxide is converted into sugar. Oxygen is released as waste.

  8. Question 4 Which of the following is NOTa similarity between photosynthesis and respiration? • Both include an electron transport chain to generate ATP from ADP. • Both involve transferring electrons via carrier molecules. (Examples: NADH, NADPH) • Both create energy that can be used by the organism to perform work. • In eukaryotes, both occur in specialized organelles.

  9. Question 5 These microarray results show levels of mRNA for three different genes in cells from tumors and in normal cells. Which of these genes is a likely tumor suppressor – Gene A, Gene B, or Gene C?

  10. Question 6 Which of the following organisms can perform photosynthesis unaided? Choose all that apply. Cyanobacteria Plants Animals Protist algae Fungi

  11. Question 7 Which of the following responses is correctly ranked from smallest to largest? • Gene, nucleotide base, genome, chromosome • Nucleotide base, gene, chromosome, genome • Chromosome, gene, nucleotide base, genome • Nucleotide base, gene, genome, chromosome • Nucleotide base, genome, chromosome, gene

  12. Question 8 Which of the following statements about meiosis is true? The second division of meiosis separates homologous chromosomes. The first division of meiosis separates sister chromatids. Eggs and sperm are produced via meiosis. Meiosis only occurs in prokaryotes. A somatic mutation is a mutation during meiosis.

  13. Question 9 Consider the Punnett square below. The circled letters represent the possible products of _______ from each parent. Mitosis Transcription Translation Meiosis Fertilization

  14. Question 10 When making a fusion of green fluorescent protein to an enzyme, I include a 24-base linker (see board). What would happen if I used a linker that was 25 bases long instead? There would be a frame shift, since codons are read in sets of 3 bases, and 25 isn’t divisible by 3. There would be a nonsense mutation, since the linker would need to contain a stop codon. There would be a missense mutation, since the second amino acid in the linker would be misread. There would be a deletion, since codons are read in sets of two bases, and 25 isn’t divisible by 2.

  15. Question 11 A mouse dies and is buried in the backyard. How could a carbon atom from that mouse plausibly end up inside a sugar molecule in an apple? Choose one. A) It is taken up directly from the soil by the apple tree’s roots, then stored in the apple. B) The body of the mouse is decomposed by insects. The insects die, and the tree takes up their carbon from its roots. C) It is converted to energy in the air, which the tree uses for photosynthesis. D) It becomes carbon dioxide in the air, which is used by the tree for photosynthesis.

  16. Question 12 If a person has curly hair, that is an example of a… Genotype Phenotype Meiotic product Transcriptional event None of the above

  17. Question 13 During the HIV life cycle, reverse transcriptase copies… • RNA to make DNA • DNA to make RNA • Protein to make RNA • RNA to make protein • DNA to make protein • Protein to make DNA

  18. Question 14 The most lethal poison in the death cap mushroom (shown below) blocks transcription. Which of the following enzymes would you expect it to block from working? DNA polymerase RNA polymerase Reverse transcriptase Lactase tRNAsynthetase

  19. Question 15 How many genes and alleles are involved in the Punnett square shown at the lower right? A) Two genes on different chromosomes, each gene having two different alleles. B) One gene with four different alleles. C) Two genes on different chromosomes, each gene having one allele. D) One gene with two different alleles.

  20. Answer in one word. Question 16 What is the name for the process of decoding mRNA to protein? Question 17 In eukaryotes, in which organelle does that process occur?

  21. Answer in one word. Question 18 What is the term for the DNA region directly next to a gene’s coding sequence where transcription factors bind to start transcription? (NOT an enhancer!)

  22. Answer in one or two words. Question 19 Which part of photosynthesis incorporates carbon dioxide into sugar? (There are two acceptable answers.)

  23. Answer in one or two letters. Question 20 In the ABO system, which blood type can be safely donated to anybody?

  24. Question 21 Draw a simple diagram using words and arrows to illustrate the relationship between the following: DNA, protein, mRNA, transcription, and translation

  25. Question 22 Suppose that a cell has four chromosomes – a version of chromosome 1 from each parent, and a version of chromosome 2 from each parent. Labelling these chromosomes clearly, draw: • The cell immediately before meiosis I • The cells that result from meiosis I • The cells that result from meiosis II

  26. Question 23 A) Draw a pedigree for the following family, assuming that Disco Fever is a heritable disease trait. • Marta, a girl, has Disco Fever. Her brother does not. • Marta’s mother, Glenda, does not have Disco Fever. Her father, Juan, does not have it either. • Juan’s mother, Michaela, does not have Disco Fever. Juan’s father, Rubin, does. B) Is disco fever inherited in a dominant or recessive manner? Choose one. C) Is disco fever autosomalor sex-linked? Choose one.

  27. Question 24 Martin has blood type A, and has a heterozygous genotype. Sara has blood type O. • Draw a clearly labeled Punnett square showing the genotypesof possible offspring if Martin and Sara have children. • What are the possible blood types of the offspring? What is the probability for each blood type?

  28. Question 25 A) Which letters represent the four possible bases in DNA? B) Which letter represents the base that occurs in RNA, but NOTin DNA?

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