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Research Topic 4

Research Topic 4. Hydrotreating is a process for the removal of S, N, and O from hydrocarbon feedstocks. This is one of the most vital current problems in refining. We have developed a new class of catalysts for hydrotreating: the transition metal phosphides. . Synthesis.

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Research Topic 4

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  1. Research Topic 4 Hydrotreating is a process for the removal of S, N, and O from hydrocarbon feedstocks. This is one of the most vital current problems in refining. We have developed a new class of catalysts for hydrotreating: the transition metal phosphides. Synthesis – Developed a new simple method for preparation– Obtained a whole class of new materials Reactivity – Realistic conditions of pressure and temperature– Surpass commercial catalysts in HDN and HDS– Excellent in deep HDO Review:S. T. Oyama, T. Gott, H. Zhao, Y.-K. Lee, Transition metal phosphide hydroprocessing catalysts: A review, Catal. Today, 2009, 143, 94-107.

  2. Propertiesof Phosphides Properties Phosphides exist for most metals. Exceptions: Au, Bi, Hg, Tl, Po, alkali and alkaline earth metals Harder than metals Higher melting points than metals Electrical conductors

  3. Trigonal Prisms 6-fold coordination Metal Phosphorus Crystal Structures of Phosphides Basic building block

  4. NiAs type NbAs type WC type cubic hexagonal hexagonal MoP VP b-NbP, b-TaP Triangular Prismatic Phosphide Structures Different combinations of prisms give rise to different structures

  5. MnP type WP, CrP, MnP, FeP, CoP NiP The Manganese and Nickel Phosphide Structure Types In manganese phosphide, chains of P atoms form a distorted NiAs structure In nickel phosphide, pairs of P atoms form a distorted NiAs structure

  6. Reactivity in HDS & HDN High pressure trickle bed reactor Industrial reaction conditions:  Temperature: 280-340 o C Pressure: 30 atm Liquid feed rate: 5 cm3 h-1 H2 Flow Rate:150 cm3 min-1 Effective G/L Ratio:9800 SCF/barrel

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