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Raufoss Multipurpose Ammunition Technology Program, RMATS

The RMATS Program focuses on the development and validation of numerical models for predicting events involving Multipurpose ammunition. Funding partners include Norwegian MOD, FFI, Nammo Raufoss, and US Navy. Computer modeling, physical experiments, mechanical and thermal properties, and formulation of validated models are key components. The program aims to improve safety and functionality of the ammunition. Collaborative work between all parties involved has led to significant advancements in manufacturing, ballistics, and target function evaluation.

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Raufoss Multipurpose Ammunition Technology Program, RMATS

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  1. Raufoss Multipurpose Ammunition Technology Program, RMATS Dave Holt, Systems Engineer NAVAIR Medium Caliber Ammunition NSWC Crane, 812 854-2807 April 14, 2004 NDIA Gun & Ammunition Conference

  2. Topics • Organization Chart • Scope of Work • Funding • Computer Modeling • Models compared to Actual • Conclusions

  3. Bjarne Haugstad (FFI) Gard Ødegårdstuen (NARA) Dave Holt (US Navy) Steering Committee Project Coordinator Eva Friis China Lake (NAWC) ------------------------- FFI (NDRE) ----------------------- Nammo Raufoss AS (NARA) ------------------------- Crane (NSWC) ------------------------- Alice Atwood (Project manager China Lake) Allen Lindfors Pat Curran Tri Bui Ross Heimdahl John Moxnes (Project manager FFI) Gunnar Nevstad S. Eriksen Bruce Richards (In service Engineering) Greg Deckard (Acquisition Support) Nancey Maegerlein (Energetics & Materials) Eva K. Friis (Project manager NARA) Quoc Bao Diep Monica Strømgård Organizational Chart

  4. Scope of Work • Phase I (1994 – 1999) • Provide and expand knowledge of MultiPurpose ammunition • Develop and validate numerical models for prediction of the events taking place when the ammunition is subjected to different stimuli • Phase II (1999 – current) • Continue and refine the fundamental work done in Phase I • Product improvement with respect to safety, function, and manufacturing • Serve as an aid in resolving anomalous behavior of MP ammunition

  5. RMATS Funding • Funding for RMATS divided evenly between • Norwegian MOD • FFI (Norwegian Defense Research Establishment) • Nammo Raufoss A/S (Manufacturing) • US Navy (PMA-242)

  6. MP-Ammunition Technology Program RMATS has validated models for manufacturing, ballistics, trajectory, and target function of the MP ammunition. Ignition & Burning Impact & Penetration Effect within target

  7. Computer Modeling Prerequisites • Numerical code • DYNA • Nike 2D • Material models • metals • Material data • steel • Physical models • ignition model • Initial conditions • Velocity • Temperature • Pressure • Why? • Effective tool to design ammunition • Reliable method used to predict an event • Efficient way to study an event • Research Procedure • Physical Experiments • Reduction of experimental data • Establish mathematical models and material data • Implement mathematical models into numerical code • Model experiments • Validate model by comparing physical experiments to computations

  8. Mechanical Properties Mechanical Thermal Properties Shock Mechanical Thermal Combustion Properties Combustion Fragmentation Mechanical Thermal Properties Experiments to describe MP Function Manufacture Launch Flight Target Impact Fragmentation and Burn.

  9. Formulation of Models • Validated mathematical/physical models and material data are of vital importance to obtain reliable results • Advanced laboratory experiments were required to establish and test models and material data • The laboratories at China Lake, FFI and Nammo Raufoss have successfully performed experiments which were needed

  10. Experiments • The laboratories at China Lake played a major role in testing of the energetic materials used in the MP ammunition • Tests performed: • Piston driven compaction (PDC) • Flyer plate experiments • Thermal ignition • DSC and TGA • Hot-stage microscopy • Closed bomb tests • Quasi-Static Compaction (Press loading apparatus) • Expanding ring test

  11. Loading forces & OUTPUT initial velocities • press-filling operation • launching effects Material geometry • flight effects • initial condition Material models (prior to impact) Numerical code • metal parts • impact & penetration • incendiary & HE (course of events) • target • ignition stimuli • burning • fragmentation Numerical parameters Interactions Numerical Simulations

  12. Comparing the Simulation with the Experiment 30 mm MP

  13. Comparing the Simulation with the Experiment 20 mm MP

  14. Results of modeling 20mm M61 barrels Simulation: Experiment: Barrel damage as a result of the experiment of a dynamic function of the PGU 28/B round in the thin region of the barrel. Simulations where the PGU 28/B is set off while the round is moving (dynamic situation).

  15. Conclusions • RMATS has established a suite of validated models to evaluate all phases of the ammunition life cycle • Collaboration between all parties involved with RMATS has provided benefits in many areas • Manufacturing • Ballistics • Target Function • Engineering Investigation • The RMATS team encourages participation from all DoD related organizations

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