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Cell Membranes Osmosis and Diffusion

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Cell Membranes Osmosis and Diffusion

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    1. Cell Membranes Osmosis and Diffusion

    2. Functions of Membranes 1. Protect cell 2. Control incoming and outgoing substances 3. Maintain ion concentrations of various substances 4. Selectively permeable - allows some molecules in, others are kept out

    4. Solutions Solutions are made of solute and a solvent Solvent - the liquid into which the solute is poured and dissolved. We will use water as our solvent today. Solute - substance that is dissolved or put into the solvent. Salt and sucrose are solutes.

    5. Methods of Transport Across Membranes 1. Diffusion 2. Osmosis 3. Facilitated Diffusion 4. Active Transport

    6. Methods of Transport Across Membranes 1. Diffusion -passive transport - no energy expended 2. Osmosis - Passive transport of water across membrane 3. Facilitated Diffusion - Use of proteins to carry polar molecules or ions across 4. Active Transport- requires energy to transport molecules against a concentration gradient – energy is in the form of ATP

    7. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Movement from one side of a membrane to another, un-facilitated

    9. Effect of Osmosis on Cells Hypotonic Solution – The solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell. Water flows into the cell Hypertonic Solution – The solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell. Water flows out of the cell Isotonic Solution – the concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside the cell. Water flows in and out at the same rate

    12. Moving larger molecules across the membrane Endocytosis – the process of taking material into the cell by creating pockets with the cell membrane Pinocytisis – taking in of liquid Phagocytosis – taking in of larger food particles Exocytosis – the releasing of larger molecules by creating pockets with the cell membrane.

    13. Exocytosis/ Endocytosis animation http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120068/bio02.swf::Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis

    14. Diffusion and Osmosis animations http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works.html http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html

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