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Perspective

Perspective. " Nanotechnology is the base technology of an industrial revolution in the 21st century. Those who control nanotechnology will lead the industry." -- Michiharu Nakamura, Executive VP at Hitachi.

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Perspective

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  1. Perspective "Nanotechnology is the base technology of an industrial revolution in the 21st century. Those who control nanotechnology will lead the industry."-- Michiharu Nakamura, Executive VP at Hitachi "The ability to build something from the most fundamental constituents is a massive breakthrough - it's going to change everything." --Robert J. Sawyer, Author Next Big Thing Is Really Small Images from: http://nanotech-now-am.blogspot.com/

  2. Lauren Blake WISE REWU 2012 University of Cincinnati Mentor: Dr. MuraliSundaram Lab: Micro and Nano Manufacturing Date: Thursday, August 16, 2012 Design of a Nano-vibration System for Nanomanufacturing

  3. What is Nanomachining? • The modification of features ranging from 1-1000 nanometers • 1nm = 0.000000001 meters = 1/100,000th thickness of human hair • Nanomachining includes manufacturing of nano: • Holes • Scratches Human hair 1 unit . 100 units Figure 1: Hair [nwwayoflife.com] 100 nm diameter 60 nm depth Figure 2: Nanohole [UCMAN Lab]

  4. Nanomachining is More Necessary Than Ever [Google images]

  5. Research Objective When making nanoholes, zero contact between tool and workpiece surface is preferred Workpiece Tool A constant gap of 100-200 nm is critical for optimal machining 100-200nm We need a gap-control system.

  6. Maintaining Constant Machining Gap Between Tool and Workpiece Surface ? ?

  7. Expansion of Piezo Material Piezo material’sheight increases as voltage increases Tool • Recognize when tool is in contact with the workpiece • Record voltage at this point Workpiece Expanding Piezo

  8. Animation of Expansion Our calibration curve will tell us that for X amount of voltage input, the piezo expanded Y amount. Y Contracting Piezo

  9. Set up for Measurement of Piezo Expansion Piezo expansion- piezo expands and contracts with change in voltage Function Generator- choose frequency, voltage, and wave type Piezo Disk Lead Wires Laser Vibrometer-measures height of piezo vibrations (amplitude)

  10. Graph of Experimental Piezo Expansion Trend • Performed using a sine wave and a constant frequency of 3.2 kHz

  11. Workpiece Mass Affects Amplitude Piezo is similar to a spring system- added mass gives it a damping effect which lessens amplitude • Performed using a sine wave, frequency of 3.2 kHz, and 2.5 Volts

  12. Future Work Within the Lab • Implementation of this gap-control system for: • Nanomachining under an Atomic Force Microscope • Electrochemical machining • Electrodischarge machining • Compare experimental values with theoretical and simulated values

  13. Future Publication and Presentation • Working on journal paper titled “Modeling of Workpiece Vibration-assisted Abrasive Machining Process” • Presenting work at Dayton Engineering Sciences Symposium in October

  14. Impact of WISE • Professionalism • Working as a team with other genders, ethnicities, and ages • Enhanced programming, 3-d modeling, and troubleshooting skills Future Plans • Co-op in industry • Masters Degree in Mechanical Engineering

  15. Acknowledgements • WISE Program Directors, Dr. UrmilaGhia • Financial support by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants • CMMI 1137968 • CMMI 1120382 • Department of Biological Sciences, Dr. George Uetz • Micro and Nano Manufacturing Lab • Professor MuraliSundaram • Sagil James • AbishekBalsamyKamaraj

  16. Thank you! Questions?

  17. Piezo and Piezo Theory • Nearly all metals react this way: With added voltage Fig. 1 Piezoelectric material [American Piezo Company] • Piezo, which is typically some sort of ceramic material, quartz and PZT being the most popular, reacts this same way but then expands/contracts as a result • In crystal ceramic, there is a small tetravalent metal ion in a lattice of large divalent metal ions • When conditions exist where PZT crystals have a tetragonal or rhombohedral symmetry, the crystals have a dipole moment

  18. Other Applications of Nanomachining

  19. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) • Scans surfaces, vibrates up and down to sense heights and depths of surfaces to produce an image • Vibrates a cantilever with a probe on it’s end which has a tip with a radius of 50nm Fig. 1 Basic AFM Setup [www3.physik.uni-greifswald.de/method/afm/eafm.htm] • Cantilever moves up and down, laser beam bounces off the cantilever and onto the position detector • Information sent to a computer screen to reveal the image Fig. 2 Surface Imaging [UCMAN Lab]

  20. VANILA (Vibration Assisted Nano Impact-Machiningby Loose Abrasives using AFM) Process • Allows us to nano-machine ceramic and brittle materials • Uses abrasives in a liquid medium to indent into material- typically diamond, boron nitride, aluminum oxide, SiC • Probe does not hit, lessens tool wear

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