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COB 300C

COB 300C. Product and Service Design. Reasons for Product or Service Design. Be competitive Increase business growth & profits Avoid downsizing with development of new products Improve product quality Achieve cost reductions in labor or materials. Trends in Product & Service Design.

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COB 300C

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  1. COB 300C Product and Service Design

  2. Reasons for Product or Service Design • Be competitive • Increase business growth & profits • Avoid downsizing with development of new products • Improve product quality • Achieve cost reductions in labor or materials

  3. Trends in Product & Service Design • Increased emphasis on or attention to: • Customer satisfaction • Reducing time to introduce new product or service • Reducing time to produce product

  4. Trends in Product & Service Design (Cont’d) • Increased emphasis on or attention to: • The organization’s capabilities to produce or deliver the item • Environmental concerns • Designing products & services that are “user friendly” • Designing products that use less material

  5. Objects of Product & Service Design Beyond the overall objective to achieve customer satisfaction while making a reasonable profit is: Design for Manufacturing(DFM) The designers’ consideration of the organization’s manufacturing capabilities when designing a product. The more general term design for operationsencompasses services as well as manufacturing

  6. The Design Process • Motivation • Customer • Marketing • Competitors • Forecasts

  7. Reverse Engineering Reverse engineering is the dismantling and inspecting of a competitor’s product to discover product improvements.

  8. Manufacturability • Manufacturability is the ease of fabrication and/or assembly which is important for: • Cost • Productivity • Quality

  9. Regulations & Legal Considerations • Product Liability - A manufacturer is liable for any injuries or damages caused by a faulty product. • Uniform Commercial Code - Products carry an implication of merchantability and fitness.

  10. Research & Development (R&D) • Organized efforts to increase scientific knowledge or product innovation & may involve: • Basic Research advances knowledge about a subject without near-term expectations of commercial applications. • Applied Research achieves commercial applications. • Development converts results of applied research into commercial applications.

  11. Product Design • Product Life Cycles • Robust Design • Concurrent Engineering • Computer-Aided Design • Modular Design

  12. Advantages of Standardization • Fewer parts to deal with in inventory & manufacturing • Reduced training costs and time • More routine purchasing, handling, and inspection procedures

  13. Advantages of Standardization (Cont’d) • Orders fillable from inventory • Opportunities for long production runs and automation • Need for fewer parts justifies increased expenditures on perfecting designs and improving quality control procedures.

  14. Disadvantages of Standardization • Designs may be frozen with too many imperfections remaining. • High cost of design changes increases resistance to improvements. • Decreased variety results in less consumer appeal.

  15. Time Life Cycles of Products or Services Figure 4-2 Saturation Maturity Decline Growth Demand Incubation

  16. Product design • Design for manufacturing (DFM) • Design for assembly (DFA) • Design for recycling (DFR) • Remanufacturing • Design for disassembly (DFD) • Robust design

  17. Taguchi Approach Robust Design • Design a robust product • Insensitive to environmental factors either in manufacturing or in use. • Central feature is Parameter Design. • Determines: • factors that are controllable and those not controllable • their optimal levels relative to major product advances

  18. Concurrent Engineering Concurrent engineering is the bringing together of engineering design and manufacturing personnel early in the design phase.

  19. New Product Design Mfg “Over the Wall” Approach

  20. Computer-Aided Design • Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is product design using computer graphics. • increases productivity of designers, 3 to 10 times • creates a database for manufacturing information on product specifications • provides possibility of engineering and cost analysis on proposed designs

  21. Modular Design Modular design is a form of standardization in which component parts are subdivided into modules that are easily replaced or interchanged. It allows: • easier diagnosis and remedy of failures • easier repair and replacement • simplification of manufacturing and assembly

  22. Goods-service spectrum Steel productionAutomobile fabrication House buildingRoad construction Low service content High goods content Dressmaking Farming Auto Repair Appliance repair Maid Service Manual car wash Increasing goods content Increasing service content Teaching Lawn mowing High service content Low goods content Figure 4-3

  23. High CustomizedClothing Moderate Dept. StorePurchase Low TelephonePurchase None InternetPurchase Low None Moderate High Service Variability & Customer Influence Service Design Figure 4-4 Variability in Service Requirements Degree of Contact with Customer

  24. Improving Reliability • Component design • Production/assembly techniques • Testing • Redundancy • Preventive maintenance procedures • User education • System design

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