arcmap labeling and annotation topics

1. ArcMap Labeling andAnnotation Topics Mike Siedschlag GIS Technician I & Andy Schmidt GIS Technician II Hello, my name is Mike Siedschlag. I am a level 1 GIS technician here at USG. With me today is Andy Schmidt, a level 2 GIS technician. The topic of our presentation today will be labels and annotation. Text labels in your map display is a very important aspect in GIS. They help convey what your display is trying to communicate to your intended audience. Discussed today will be topics that will help you ensure your map displays its intended content correctly and accurately. Hello, my name is Mike Siedschlag. I am a level 1 GIS technician here at USG. With me today is Andy Schmidt, a level 2 GIS technician. The topic of our presentation today will be labels and annotation. Text labels in your map display is a very important aspect in GIS. They help convey what your display is trying to communicate to your intended audience. Discussed today will be topics that will help you ensure your map displays its intended content correctly and accurately.

2. To begin, I will start by mentioning why you want to use labels in your GIS map display. Next I will define and make mention of the differences between the three ways to add text labels in your map display. We will then take a closer look at labels. This will include the creation of labels, how to symbolize your labels, label priorities, weights, expressions, and more. Next I will talk about annotation. I will talk about the two types of annotation, Geodatabase and Map annotation. I will mention how to create annotation from scratch and from existing labels you may have already in your map display. Finally, I will introduce you to the Maplex extension that is available for ArcMap. I will show examples of how Maplex can help arrange labels to better fit in your map display. Finally, at the end of the presentation Andy will help me show you some of the things I have talked about in this presentation about labels and annotations.To begin, I will start by mentioning why you want to use labels in your GIS map display. Next I will define and make mention of the differences between the three ways to add text labels in your map display. We will then take a closer look at labels. This will include the creation of labels, how to symbolize your labels, label priorities, weights, expressions, and more. Next I will talk about annotation. I will talk about the two types of annotation, Geodatabase and Map annotation. I will mention how to create annotation from scratch and from existing labels you may have already in your map display. Finally, I will introduce you to the Maplex extension that is available for ArcMap. I will show examples of how Maplex can help arrange labels to better fit in your map display. Finally, at the end of the presentation Andy will help me show you some of the things I have talked about in this presentation about labels and annotations.

3. Why Use Labels in Your GIS? Describe particular features Add general information to the map Add clarity Communicates you message to the viewer To begin, why is it important to have labels in you GIS map display? Well they help describe particular features. Whether this is the size of a transformer, phase of a line, name of a road, labels can help differentiate and add information to features you have in your map. Labels add clarity. For instance if you were producing black and white mapbooks, unlabeled features like roads, county lines, municipal lines, even rivers may all appear the same of the page, however with clear and well placed labels, these features can be better represented and be interpreted correctly. Principally labels help you, the map creator, more clearly communicate your message to the viewer.To begin, why is it important to have labels in you GIS map display? Well they help describe particular features. Whether this is the size of a transformer, phase of a line, name of a road, labels can help differentiate and add information to features you have in your map. Labels add clarity. For instance if you were producing black and white mapbooks, unlabeled features like roads, county lines, municipal lines, even rivers may all appear the same of the page, however with clear and well placed labels, these features can be better represented and be interpreted correctly. Principally labels help you, the map creator, more clearly communicate your message to the viewer.

4. Define and Contrast: Labels, Annotation and Graphics Labels A label is a piece of text in ArcMap that is automatically positioned and whose text string is based on feature attributes. They are generated dynamically and only labeling properties are stored. Labeling properties will be saved when you save your map document (.mxd) or layer file (.lyr). Labels offer the fastest and easiest way to add descriptive text to your map for individual features. Text size can be independent or tied to a reference scale. As I mentioned in the beginning, there are three different ways to add text to you maps. The first that we will touch on is labels. Labels are text in ArcMap that is automatically positioned relative to a feature, and whose text comes from an attribute from that feature. Labels are fast and easy and help add information to your map. However they are not without their drawbacks. Labels can not be selected, therefore you cannot edit the display properties of individual labels. Labels are also placed automatically. This can be nice because you don�t have to concern yourself as to where to place the label. This can also be a problem, especially in congested areas of map display where labels can overlap or not display because there is not enough room. Discussed later will be ways to help better display labels and solve display problems.As I mentioned in the beginning, there are three different ways to add text to you maps. The first that we will touch on is labels. Labels are text in ArcMap that is automatically positioned relative to a feature, and whose text comes from an attribute from that feature. Labels are fast and easy and help add information to your map. However they are not without their drawbacks. Labels can not be selected, therefore you cannot edit the display properties of individual labels. Labels are also placed automatically. This can be nice because you don�t have to concern yourself as to where to place the label. This can also be a problem, especially in congested areas of map display where labels can overlap or not display because there is not enough room. Discussed later will be ways to help better display labels and solve display problems.

5. Define and Contrast: Labels, Annotation and Graphics Annotation Each piece of annotation stores its own position, text string and display properties. The text or graphics can be individually selected, positioned and modified. Annotation may be manually entered or generated from labels. Text size is explicitly set based on a reference scale. Types of Annotation Geodatabase Annotation Stored in a geodatabase Map Document Annotation Stored in map documents Next there is annotation. With annotation, each piece of text stores its own X,Y, position, text string and display properties. So while labels are dynamically placed, meaning the labels float around, being placed in the best position for each map extent, annotation has a set position and will not move around as your map extent changes. Also unlike labels, annotation can be individually selected, moved, and modified. Annotation can be created from scratch, or from existing labels; which will be discussed in more detail later. There are two types of annotation, Geodatabase and Map Document. Again, later in the presentation I will discuss more in-depth on each of these. Annotation can be a wonderful way to help add clarity to areas of your map that are congested because you can place the text where you desire, and it will not move on you. Annotation is also nice because you can modify your text display and not have to populate attribute fields. However, annotation can be a very timely process. The more features you have represented with annotation the more annotation you have to correctly place and symbolize. So annotation is not without its drawbacks.Next there is annotation. With annotation, each piece of text stores its own X,Y, position, text string and display properties. So while labels are dynamically placed, meaning the labels float around, being placed in the best position for each map extent, annotation has a set position and will not move around as your map extent changes. Also unlike labels, annotation can be individually selected, moved, and modified. Annotation can be created from scratch, or from existing labels; which will be discussed in more detail later. There are two types of annotation, Geodatabase and Map Document. Again, later in the presentation I will discuss more in-depth on each of these. Annotation can be a wonderful way to help add clarity to areas of your map that are congested because you can place the text where you desire, and it will not move on you. Annotation is also nice because you can modify your text display and not have to populate attribute fields. However, annotation can be a very timely process. The more features you have represented with annotation the more annotation you have to correctly place and symbolize. So annotation is not without its drawbacks.

6. Define and Contrast: Labels, Annotation and Graphics Graphics Graphic text is stored on the map layout page. Cannot be organized into groups. Edited with the graphic tools on the Draw toolbar. Typically denoted as map layout features Map title Legend North Arrow Scale bar and text Text size is set relative to the map layout size. The final way to enter text in you map is through graphic text stored in the map layout page. Graphics are similar to annotation in that you can easily add individual pieces of text and that text is editable. Also like annotation, the text is not limited to letters and words, graphics can be entered such as legends, north arrows, and scale bars. Graphics are great for adding final information to you map layout, however they are impractical when labeling many features. Graphic text can be added using your drawing toolbar and your insert drop-down menu in the layout view.The final way to enter text in you map is through graphic text stored in the map layout page. Graphics are similar to annotation in that you can easily add individual pieces of text and that text is editable. Also like annotation, the text is not limited to letters and words, graphics can be entered such as legends, north arrows, and scale bars. Graphics are great for adding final information to you map layout, however they are impractical when labeling many features. Graphic text can be added using your drawing toolbar and your insert drop-down menu in the layout view.

7. Working with Labels Two ways to label features Label Toolbar > View Menu > Toolbars > Labeling Label Tab Under Layer Properties Moving on to working with labels, there are two ways you can label features. The first is to access the labels tab in a layer�s properties dialogue box. Right click your desired layer, go to properties, then the labels tab. Another way is to add the label toolbar from the view menu. The label toolbar is a new feature in Arc 9.0 that offers you quicker access to all the features that the label tab in layer properties has.Moving on to working with labels, there are two ways you can label features. The first is to access the labels tab in a layer�s properties dialogue box. Right click your desired layer, go to properties, then the labels tab. Another way is to add the label toolbar from the view menu. The label toolbar is a new feature in Arc 9.0 that offers you quicker access to all the features that the label tab in layer properties has.

8. Working with Labels Label toolbar Label DropDown - Gives you access to Abbreviation Dictionary, Maplex tools and additional Options. Label Manager Label Priority Ranking Label Weight Ranking Lock Labels View Unplaced Labels The numerous icons on the toolbar include the Label DropDown, Label Manager, Label Priority Ranking, Label Weight Ranking, Lock Label, and View Unplaced Labels. The label toolbar gives you access to many tools necessary to help display your labels. The numerous icons on the toolbar include the Label DropDown, Label Manager, Label Priority Ranking, Label Weight Ranking, Lock Label, and View Unplaced Labels. The label toolbar gives you access to many tools necessary to help display your labels.

9. Label DropDown Abbreviation Dictionary contains acceptable abbreviations for labeling. Ex. street type abbreviations (St, Hwy, Dr, etc.) Maplex Labeling Engine Options Color of unplaced labels Rotation of labels Angle from vertical The Label DropDown contains access to abbreviation dictionaries. These dictionaries contain acceptable abbreviations for labels, like Street becoming St, Highway - Hwy, Drive � Dr. Maplex can also be turned on in the Label DropDown. Finally the Options dialogue box gives you options to change the color display of unplaced labels, rotate your labels, and enter a tolerance acceptable for labels to be inverted from the vertical.The Label DropDown contains access to abbreviation dictionaries. These dictionaries contain acceptable abbreviations for labels, like Street becoming St, Highway - Hwy, Drive � Dr. Maplex can also be turned on in the Label DropDown. Finally the Options dialogue box gives you options to change the color display of unplaced labels, rotate your labels, and enter a tolerance acceptable for labels to be inverted from the vertical.

10. Label Manager Label Manager has similar tools that are found in labeling. Simplifies Labeling tasks and label management Feature Classes Label Field Expressions Placement Scaling Styles The Label Manager dialogue box has similar tools that can be found in the Labeling tab under Layer Properties. The Label Manager shows all the features that are labeled in the feature class table of contents. You can choose which field in the attribute table should be used as labels for the feature. Placement properties can be changed here to better place your labels. Label scale ranges can be set to turn on or off your labels depending on what scale you are zoomed into. Finally text symbology and label styles can be edited here.The Label Manager dialogue box has similar tools that can be found in the Labeling tab under Layer Properties. The Label Manager shows all the features that are labeled in the feature class table of contents. You can choose which field in the attribute table should be used as labels for the feature. Placement properties can be changed here to better place your labels. Label scale ranges can be set to turn on or off your labels depending on what scale you are zoomed into. Finally text symbology and label styles can be edited here.

11. Label Manager Placement Properties: Point: Placement: Around point, On point, Specify angle, Angle from field. Location: Preferred Northeast corner Line: Orientation: Horizontal, Parallel, Curved, and Perpendicular Position: Above, On the line, Below Polygon: Placement: Horizontal, Straight, Horizontal First then Straight Placement properties for point, line, and polygon features can all be chosen through Label Manager. Labels for points are generally placed around the point with a preferred location of the Northeast corner. If the label cannot be placed in that upper right corner, then the label will be placed wherever it can best fit. Line labels can orientated horizontally to label section line roads, or curved to help label rivers. You also have the choice as to how your labels appear in polygons.Placement properties for point, line, and polygon features can all be chosen through Label Manager. Labels for points are generally placed around the point with a preferred location of the Northeast corner. If the label cannot be placed in that upper right corner, then the label will be placed wherever it can best fit. Line labels can orientated horizontally to label section line roads, or curved to help label rivers. You also have the choice as to how your labels appear in polygons.

12. Label Manager Label Manager provides access to conflict detection and feature type specific placement. Within the Placement Properties dialogue box is the conflict detection tab. This tab can help you set the weight of labels, the feature associated with the labels, and buffer settings to provide ample room for all your labels.Within the Placement Properties dialogue box is the conflict detection tab. This tab can help you set the weight of labels, the feature associated with the labels, and buffer settings to provide ample room for all your labels.

13. Label Priority Ranking Label Priority Ranking ranks labels according to their placement. Labels at the top of the list have the highest priority and are most likely to be placed. The Label Priority Ranking icon from the Label toolbar let you rank your labels in order of their importance. Labels that you want to make sure are drawn and placed first should be located closer to the top of the list.The Label Priority Ranking icon from the Label toolbar let you rank your labels in order of their importance. Labels that you want to make sure are drawn and placed first should be located closer to the top of the list.

14. Label Weights Label Weight Ranking lets you set weights to labels in instances of conflicts (overlaps). Labels with a higher weight have higher priority. Label Weight Ranking dialogue box shows you the weights of both the feature and label that you set up in the Label Manager. Weights can also be changed in this dialogue box, and can help you see a bigger picture of what features and labels have what weights. The higher the weight the more priority that label has over others.Label Weight Ranking dialogue box shows you the weights of both the feature and label that you set up in the Label Manager. Weights can also be changed in this dialogue box, and can help you see a bigger picture of what features and labels have what weights. The higher the weight the more priority that label has over others.

15. Label Lock and Unplaced Labels Label Lock: holds the positions of the labels in the current map extent. Label positions maintain as you pan or zoom in map extent. Labels outside of map extent do not draw until lock is turned off. View unplaced labels to see what needs to still be placed. Default color is red, can be changed in Label Options menu The last two icons are label lock and view unplaced labels. Label Lock allows you to hold the positions of your labels in your current map extent. These labels will stay where they are as you pan and zoom in or out. However, if you pan outside of you existing map extent no new labels will be drawn in until you release the label lock. The view unplaced labels icon in helpful to show you labels that were not able to be placed due to conflicts of overlap with other labels. Viewing your unplaced labels can help you set your priority ranking, label weights, label placement, and symbology to better place your labels so that they are not in conflict with others.The last two icons are label lock and view unplaced labels. Label Lock allows you to hold the positions of your labels in your current map extent. These labels will stay where they are as you pan and zoom in or out. However, if you pan outside of you existing map extent no new labels will be drawn in until you release the label lock. The view unplaced labels icon in helpful to show you labels that were not able to be placed due to conflicts of overlap with other labels. Viewing your unplaced labels can help you set your priority ranking, label weights, label placement, and symbology to better place your labels so that they are not in conflict with others.

16. Labeling All Features the Same Access the labels tab in the layer property dialog box. Things to consider: Label all features the same way, or set each class differently What field is the label, Name, Object ID, etc. Text Symbol Placement Properties, Scale Range, Label Styles As mentioned earlier the other way to edit your labels is the Label tab found in the Layer Properties dialogue box, which is similar to the Label Manager found on the Label Toolbar. The default setting is to label all the features the same way. As mentioned earlier the other way to edit your labels is the Label tab found in the Layer Properties dialogue box, which is similar to the Label Manager found on the Label Toolbar. The default setting is to label all the features the same way.

17. Labeling FeaturesBased on Classes Label Classes When you have different symbol classes for a feature and you want to label those classes accordingly. There may be instances however, when you need each feature class labeled differently, therefore you need to set up different symbols for each class. This can be done by choosing define classes of features and label each differently. You can then add your classes based on an attribute field. Each class�s label can then be changed to fit your cartographic needs. There may be instances however, when you need each feature class labeled differently, therefore you need to set up different symbols for each class. This can be done by choosing define classes of features and label each differently. You can then add your classes based on an attribute field. Each class�s label can then be changed to fit your cartographic needs.

18. Label Symbology Labels can be created with backgrounds, leaders callouts, other symbols, shadows, and halos. Under Label tab in Layer Properties � Symbol The symbology of your labels can be changed by clicking the Symbol button in the Label tab.The symbology of your labels can be changed by clicking the Symbol button in the Label tab.

19. Label Expressions Expressions can be used to format your labels. Limited to a single line of code Advanced option lets you enter a function containing a programming script that can span multiple lines. Label expressions can be used to format your labels. Expressions are helpful to insert special characters, stack your label, abbreviate your labels, and symbolize your labels with color or bold, etc. All expressions written are limited to a single line of code. However, if you check the advanced box you then have the ability to write a multi-line script in either Visual Basic, or Java.Label expressions can be used to format your labels. Expressions are helpful to insert special characters, stack your label, abbreviate your labels, and symbolize your labels with color or bold, etc. All expressions written are limited to a single line of code. However, if you check the advanced box you then have the ability to write a multi-line script in either Visual Basic, or Java.

20. Label Expressions Example expressions: Single field: [Name] Multiple fields: [FirstName]&� �&[LastName] Stacked: [FirstName]& vbnewline &[LastName] Formatted: �<CLR Red = ��255��>� & �<FNT Size = ��14��>� & [Name] & �</FNT>� & �</CLR>� Formatted text type: FormatCurrency ([Profit]) Here are some examples of expressions. Here are some examples of expressions.

21. Label Expressions Mathematical equation: Round ([SHAPE.AREA]) * .00002295682) & �Acres� Extract Attribute parts using Left Right, and Mid Functions: Left([Name],1) Right([Name],1) Mid([Name],2,2)

22. Label Expressions Examples of Advanced VB Script Finding and replacing text: Function FindLabel ([STATE]) Text = Replace ([STATE], �Minnesota�, �MN�) FindLabel = text End Function A given criteria Function FindLabel([NAME], [POPULATION]) if ([POPULATION] > 250000) then FindLabel = [NAME] end if End Function

23. Working with Annotation Annotation Defined: Another option in ArcGIS for storing text to place on your maps Stored in a annotation feature class Annotation features have a geographic location and attributes. Ability to change symbology including text, size, color, and other text symbol properties Two types of annotation: Geodatabase and Map-Document Moving on to annotation. Annotation is another option in ArcGIS for displaying text in your map. Text is stored in an annotation feature class, which are created in ArcCatalog. As I mentioned earlier annotation is stored in a set geographic location. It will not move as you pan around in your map. Also, annotation can be edited and positioned while editing your map. There are two types of annotation Geodatabase and Map-DocumentMoving on to annotation. Annotation is another option in ArcGIS for displaying text in your map. Text is stored in an annotation feature class, which are created in ArcCatalog. As I mentioned earlier annotation is stored in a set geographic location. It will not move as you pan around in your map. Also, annotation can be edited and positioned while editing your map. There are two types of annotation Geodatabase and Map-Document

24. Geodatabase Annotation Two types of Geodatabase Annotation: Standard and Feature-Linked Standard Annotation: Not formally associated with a feature. Ex. Text on a map for a mountain range Feature linked annotation: Annotation that is directly linked to features (point, line, or polygon feature class) Annotation is linked to its feature using a relationship class. Composite Relationship: A link or association between objects where the lifetime of one object controls the lifetime of its relate objects. Geodatabase annotation is annotation that is stored within your geodatabase. You can create annotation in your geodatabase by either converting your existing labels into annotation, or by creating them from scratch in ArcCatalog. There are two types of geodatabase annotation: Standard and feature linked. Standard annotation is not formally associated with any one feature. The example I thought of was a mountain range. There is no one mountain that defines the Rocky Mountains, however you still want to label the feature. Feature linked annotation is directly linked to a feature, whether that be a point, line, or polygon. There is a composite relationship that is created when using feature linked annotation. Therefore, if one were to delete the feature, the annotation associated with that feature would also be deleted. Geodatabase annotation is annotation that is stored within your geodatabase. You can create annotation in your geodatabase by either converting your existing labels into annotation, or by creating them from scratch in ArcCatalog. There are two types of geodatabase annotation: Standard and feature linked. Standard annotation is not formally associated with any one feature. The example I thought of was a mountain range. There is no one mountain that defines the Rocky Mountains, however you still want to label the feature. Feature linked annotation is directly linked to a feature, whether that be a point, line, or polygon. There is a composite relationship that is created when using feature linked annotation. Therefore, if one were to delete the feature, the annotation associated with that feature would also be deleted.

25. Geodatabase Annotation Why use feature linked annotation? Additional functionality When a new feature is created, so is the annotation associated with it When a feature is moved the annotation associated with it moves as well Changing the attributes of a feature also changes the annotation associated with it Deleting a feature also deletes the annotation associated with it Must have ArcEditor or ArcInfo license to create and edit feature linked annotation. Read-only in ArcView Feature linked annotation is nice because of the additional functions that come along with them. I already mention that annotation is removed when the feature it is linked to is removed. This works the other way as well. When a new feature is created, say a service point, new annotation is also created based on the field you have existing annotation based on. Moving a feature also moves the annotation linked to it, and finally if changes were made to attributes that affect the annotation, the annotation will change. This can save you time when compared to standard annotation because you would have to edit the standard annotation if you made changes in the attributes, or position of the feature. In order to edit feature linked annotation you must have an ArcEditor or ArcInfo license. In ArcView you can only view feature linked annotation.Feature linked annotation is nice because of the additional functions that come along with them. I already mention that annotation is removed when the feature it is linked to is removed. This works the other way as well. When a new feature is created, say a service point, new annotation is also created based on the field you have existing annotation based on. Moving a feature also moves the annotation linked to it, and finally if changes were made to attributes that affect the annotation, the annotation will change. This can save you time when compared to standard annotation because you would have to edit the standard annotation if you made changes in the attributes, or position of the feature. In order to edit feature linked annotation you must have an ArcEditor or ArcInfo license. In ArcView you can only view feature linked annotation.

26. Geodatabase Annotation Creating Annotation from Labels Right click layer > Convert labels to annotation > dialogue box: Store in Database or Map? All features, or selected features? Select Feature-Linked Annotation by checking box, leave unchecked for Standard Annotation Name annotation feature class Specify where it is to be stored Decide if unplaced labels become unplaced annotation Convert! First I will talk about how to convert your existing labels into annotation. You must first have your feature labeled, then right click on the layer you want converted. Scroll down to Covert labels to annotation. The convert labels to annotation dialogue box opens up. You must first decide whether you want to store the annotation in your database or map. If you store your annotation in your database a new annotation feature class will be automatically created with the name and in the location that you specify. The reference scale is set to whatever it happens to be in you map, so if you want to have your annotation created at a specific reference scale, zoom to that scale before you begin converting your labels. The dialogue box also asks if you want all the features, just the feature in your extent, or selected features. Generally when converting labels into annotation, you want to convert all labels, so select all features. Next, specify if you want this annotation to be linked to the feature. Finally decide if you want unplaced labels to become unplaced annotation. It is wise to convert unplaced labels into annotation because the annotation text can be moved to a more appropriate place so as to still label the feature. Finally convert! First I will talk about how to convert your existing labels into annotation. You must first have your feature labeled, then right click on the layer you want converted. Scroll down to Covert labels to annotation. The convert labels to annotation dialogue box opens up. You must first decide whether you want to store the annotation in your database or map. If you store your annotation in your database a new annotation feature class will be automatically created with the name and in the location that you specify. The reference scale is set to whatever it happens to be in you map, so if you want to have your annotation created at a specific reference scale, zoom to that scale before you begin converting your labels. The dialogue box also asks if you want all the features, just the feature in your extent, or selected features. Generally when converting labels into annotation, you want to convert all labels, so select all features. Next, specify if you want this annotation to be linked to the feature. Finally decide if you want unplaced labels to become unplaced annotation. It is wise to convert unplaced labels into annotation because the annotation text can be moved to a more appropriate place so as to still label the feature. Finally convert!

27. Geodatabase Annotation Creating Annotation from Scratch (Non-Feature Linked) ArcCatalog Create new feature dataset under database Create new feature class under dataset Define annotation classes Set reference scale Set defaults Besides creating annotation from labels you can also create annotation from scratch in ArcCatalog. Create a new feature class, select that new feature class as being an annotation feature. Then you need to create your annotation classes, set reference scales and defaults.Besides creating annotation from labels you can also create annotation from scratch in ArcCatalog. Create a new feature class, select that new feature class as being an annotation feature. Then you need to create your annotation classes, set reference scales and defaults.

28. Geodatabase Annotation Annotation Classes: Contains properties that determine how a subset of annotation in the feature class displays Standard Annotation: Default symbology Visible scale range Feature-Linked Annotation: Standard Annotation properties How the annotation text strings will be defined based on attributes in the linked feature class Which features in the linked feature class will be annotated by the annotation class How to place new annotation Annotation is nice because for each annotation feature class you create, you can add multiple annotation classes that can each be symbolized differently, they only share the same reference scale. Annotation classes created for standard annotation include default symbology and the visible scale range Annotation classes created for feature linked annotation include standard properties, but also properties to help define to what feature it is linked to, what attribute to take from the feature to label with, and how to place new annotation when a new feature is created.Annotation is nice because for each annotation feature class you create, you can add multiple annotation classes that can each be symbolized differently, they only share the same reference scale. Annotation classes created for standard annotation include default symbology and the visible scale range Annotation classes created for feature linked annotation include standard properties, but also properties to help define to what feature it is linked to, what attribute to take from the feature to label with, and how to place new annotation when a new feature is created.

29. Geodatabase Annotation Reference Scale: Must set reference scale for annotation Zooming in to larger scale, annotation will appear larger. Zooming out to smaller scale, annotation will appear smaller. Reference scale for annotation should match map reference scale. Ex. 50,000 � Township, 9,000 � Section, 4,000 � Detail Set your defaults to the annotation class you edit the most. When creating a new annotation feature class it is important to know what reference scale you want it to appear at. Zooming in and out changes the size of the annotation that was created. A reference scale must be set when creating new annotation. The reference scale you set you for annotation should match the reference scale you have set for your map. An example here shows general reference scale for township, section, and detail level maps. You can set defaults within your annotation feature class. One suggested default is selecting the annotation class that you edit the most as your default, therefore having you change your annotation class less.When creating a new annotation feature class it is important to know what reference scale you want it to appear at. Zooming in and out changes the size of the annotation that was created. A reference scale must be set when creating new annotation. The reference scale you set you for annotation should match the reference scale you have set for your map. An example here shows general reference scale for township, section, and detail level maps. You can set defaults within your annotation feature class. One suggested default is selecting the annotation class that you edit the most as your default, therefore having you change your annotation class less.

30. Geodatabase Annotation Editing Standard Annotation Edit Attributes Change type Change size Rotate Moving, Anchors/Handles Follow features Find Text Creating curved Converting to multiple parts Stacking Copy and Paste features Editing standard annotation is similar to editing point, line and polygon features. Many of the same functions.Editing standard annotation is similar to editing point, line and polygon features. Many of the same functions.

31. Geodatabase Annotation Editing Feature-Linked Annotation Similar to editing standard annotation. Editing the feature attribute of the parent feature will update the child annotation. Can over ride the default text by editing the attributes or text of the annotation, however this is rode by updating the parent feature. Editing feature linked annotation is similar to standard annotation. As I mentioned before, editing the feature attribute of the parent feature will update the child annotation. You can over ride the default text by editing the attributes or text of the annotation, however updating the parent will over ride those changes.Editing feature linked annotation is similar to standard annotation. As I mentioned before, editing the feature attribute of the parent feature will update the child annotation. You can over ride the default text by editing the attributes or text of the annotation, however updating the parent will over ride those changes.

32. Map-Document Annotation Map document annotation is stored inside the map document (.mxd). Useful if you have a relatively small amount of editable text. Text can only be used in a single map. Map document annotation is best organized using annotation groups. Create annotation groups in ArcMap by using the Draw toolbar. Besides Geodatabase annotation there is also map document annotation. The annotation is stored within the map .mxd instead of in your geodatabase. Therefore, you would be unable to use the annotation in any other map. Besides Geodatabase annotation there is also map document annotation. The annotation is stored within the map .mxd instead of in your geodatabase. Therefore, you would be unable to use the annotation in any other map.

33. Maplex Labeling What is Maplex? High quality cartographic labeling extension for ESRI� ArcMap. User defined label placement and conflict resolution. Text placed quickly, without overlap and little manual adjustment needed. The final topic of discussion is the Maplex Labeling engine. Maplex is an extension for ArcMap. Maplex has greater user defined label placement and conflict resolutions compared to general labels. Therefore, once all presets have been sorted out and labels are created there is little manual adjustments needed.The final topic of discussion is the Maplex Labeling engine. Maplex is an extension for ArcMap. Maplex has greater user defined label placement and conflict resolutions compared to general labels. Therefore, once all presets have been sorted out and labels are created there is little manual adjustments needed.

34. Maplex Labeling Benefits to Maplex Flexible placement allowing more labels to fit in an area Label fitting strategies allowing for better placement of labels Ability to resolve conflicts of overlapped, unplaced, and poorly placed labels Some benefits of using Maplex include flexible placement of labels, controlling word and character spacing, label offsets, automatic font reduction for congested areas, and many strategies allowing you to better place labels.Some benefits of using Maplex include flexible placement of labels, controlling word and character spacing, label offsets, automatic font reduction for congested areas, and many strategies allowing you to better place labels.

35. Loading Maplex Maplex is loading like any other extension Tools Menu > Extensions Maplex is loaded like any other extension. Tools > Extensions > MaplexMaplex is loaded like any other extension. Tools > Extensions > Maplex

36. Loading Maplex Once Maplex is loaded it is necessary to set it as the desired labeling engine. Select from the labeling toolbar. OR Select from Data Frame Properties.

37. Label Placement Parameters Label Position � Labeling within spatial features, label orientation, spacing Point Lines Polygons Label Fitting Strategies Label Stacking Font Reduction Abbreviation Conflict Resolution Feature Priority Overlapping Creating background labels Remove duplicate Label Placement Parameters. Parameters you need to consider are label position, label fitting strategies, and conflict resolutionsLabel Placement Parameters. Parameters you need to consider are label position, label fitting strategies, and conflict resolutions

38. Label Position - Point User sets label position around points, text rotation, and offset rules. Preferred placement is the Northeast corner, however a better position may be more aesthetically pleasing. Point label positions are set by the user. As mentioned earlier the preferred placement is the NE corner. However this may need to be adjusted.Point label positions are set by the user. As mentioned earlier the preferred placement is the NE corner. However this may need to be adjusted.

39. Label Position - Line User sets label position near the line, street specific spacing, and offset rules. Line label position is set by the user. Pictured here are the various ways you can position you label. There is also spacing and offsets you can control.Line label position is set by the user. Pictured here are the various ways you can position you label. There is also spacing and offsets you can control.

40. Label Position - Polygon User sets label position within a polygon, prioritizes horizontal placement, spreads characters and specifies offset rules. Polygon labels are again set by the user. Many positions, character spacing and offset rules as well.Polygon labels are again set by the user. Many positions, character spacing and offset rules as well.

41. Label Fitting - Point Label stacking, font reduction and abbreviation Moving to label fitting, labels for points can be stacked, reduced in size or abbreviated.Moving to label fitting, labels for points can be stacked, reduced in size or abbreviated.

42. Label Fitting - Line Label stacking, font reduction, overrun, and abbreviations. Label fitting for lines similar to points, notable is overrun where the label can pass the feature if need be.Label fitting for lines similar to points, notable is overrun where the label can pass the feature if need be.

43. Label Fitting - Polygon Label stacking, font reduction, overrun and abbreviation. Label fitting for polygons also similar to points and lines.Label fitting for polygons also similar to points and lines.

44. Conflict Resolution Conflict resolution includes feature priority, overlapping, background labels, duplicates and buffer settings. Conflict resolution gives you options to set feature weights, make some labels background labels, remove duplicates, and buffers.Conflict resolution gives you options to set feature weights, make some labels background labels, remove duplicates, and buffers.

45. Conclusion Mentioned why you want labels in your map display. Discussed labels and how to create, change and update labels. Talked about how to create, manipulate and display annotation. Introduced Maplex extension for ArcGIS and mentioned how it can benefit the labeling process. Demo In conclusion, topics that I talked about today include why you want labels in your map. Talked more in-depth about labels including how to create, change, and update labels. Next I talked about annotation, how to create, change, and display annotation. Finally, I gave you a brief introduction to the Maplex extension available for ArcMap. Next we will have a demo showing you some of the topics I have talked about today. But before that are there any questions about the presentation? Thank you.In conclusion, topics that I talked about today include why you want labels in your map. Talked more in-depth about labels including how to create, change, and update labels. Next I talked about annotation, how to create, change, and display annotation. Finally, I gave you a brief introduction to the Maplex extension available for ArcMap. Next we will have a demo showing you some of the topics I have talked about today. But before that are there any questions about the presentation? Thank you.

46. Questions? Thank You