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1. Hemiplegia

- ????(Synergy) -. ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ??????(synergy)? ???? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?(Brunnstrom)??? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ??. (isolated movement pattern ??). - ????(Synergy) -. ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????- ??? ????(Flexor synergy)????- ?? ????(Extensor synergy)??. - ????(

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1. Hemiplegia

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    1. ???2

    2. ???? ??? ?? ? ?? 1. ???(Hemiplegia) ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? -> ??? ??? ?? ???(hypotonus)? ??(spasticity) ???(hypertonus) ????(hyperreflexia) ??????(synergy pattern)

    3. - ????(Synergy) - ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????(synergy)? ???? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?(Brunnstrom) ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ??. (isolated movement pattern ??)

    4. - ????(Synergy) - ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??- ??? ????(Flexor synergy)?? ??- ?? ????(Extensor synergy)??

    5. - ????(Synergy) -

    6. ??? ????

    7. 2. ????(Ataxia) ??????- ???(agonist), ???(antagonist), ???(synergist), ???(fixator)?? ????? ??? ??, ????-????, ????, ????? ??? ???, ??? ???, ???, ??? ??? ??

    8. 2. ????(Ataxia) ???? ??- ?? ???? ? ????, ??? ???(??> ???) ???????- ??? ????, ?? ?????(fine motor), ????????(dysmetria), ??????(dysdiadochokinesia), ????(asynergy), ??????(Romberg sign), ??? ???? - ??: wide based gait drunken gait staggering gait

    9. 2. ????(Ataxia) ????? ????- ????? ???? ???? ????? ???. ??? ??? ???? ??, ?? ??? ??? ??, ??? ??(??? ??)

    10. 3. ???(Apraxia) ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? (????, ????, ??? ??, ??? ????) ?????(premotor cortex)?? -??, ??, ????, ??:?? -???? ??? ? ?? -?? ??? ? ?? ???

    11. 3. ???(Apraxia) ???? -?? ??? ????? ???? ? ??? -???? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ?? ???? -??? ????? ??? ??

    12. 3. ???(Apraxia) ??????(akinetic apraxia) -??? ????? ???? ??? ??????(ideomotor apraxia) -???? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ??

    13. 3. ???(Apraxia) ????(ideational apraxia) -??????? ???? ?? ??????(buccofacial apraxia) -??? ?? ??? ???? ??

    14. 3. ???(Apraxia) ????(dressing apraxia) -???? ?? ?? ????(construction apraxia) -?? ??? ?? ? ??

    15. 4. ??? ??? (Orthostatic hypertension) ??? ???(posture hypertension) -???? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???

    16. 4. ??? ??? (Orthostatic hypertension) ??? -???? ??? ?? -tilting table -?? ?? -?? ??? -????(elastic bandage) -??(abdominal bandage) -??? ??

    17. 5. ????(sensory disdorder) ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????> ????>??>???>??> ?? ????? ??? ?? ????> ????> ??> ????>??

    18. 6. ????(perception deficit) ?? -??? ?? ??? ??? ?? -?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????(Unilateral neglect) -??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??

    19. 6. ????(perception deficit) ??????(Body scheme disorders) -?????? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? -??? ???? ???? ?? ????(Spatial perception) -??? ????? ?? ?? -?, ?? , ?, ?? ????? ???? ??.

    20. 6. ????(perception deficit) ??? ????(Figure-ground perception) -??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? -??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ? ??. (??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??) ?? ???(Visual perception of vertical) -??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???. -????? ??? ???

    21. 6. ????(perception deficit) ????(Visual field deficit) -??? ???? ?? ?? ?? - ?????(homonymous hemianopsia) ?????: ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ? ? ??: ???? ??? ?? ? ??:???-> ??-> ???? ??

    22. 7. ???(Agnosia) ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????(visual agnosia) ??? ???(tactile agnosia) ??????(auditory agnosia) ?????(asomatognosia)

    23. 8. ????(Cognitive disorder) ??, ??,??, ??, ??, ???, ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??(perception)-> ??(attention)->??(memory)-> ??, ???-> ??

    24. 8. ????(Cognitive disorder) ??(memory) -??? ??, ??, ???? ?? - ??,??, ????? ????? ??? ??(judgement) -????? ??? ???? ?? -????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??

    25. 8. ????(Cognitive disorder) ??? ??(abstract thinking) -??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? ? ????(sequencing) -??? ??, ??, ???? ?? -?????(??,??..), ??? ????(?, ??, ?, ?) -??? ??, ??? ?? ???? ??? ? ?

    26. 8. ????(Cognitive disorder) ???(insight) -??? ?? ????? ? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ? ?? ????(problem solving)

    27. 9. ???? ??? ? ???? ??(denial)-> ??(depression)-> ??(anxiety)-> ???(hostility)-> ?? (adjustment) ?? ???> ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??, ????? ?? ??, ??? ??? ?? ?? ??

    28. 10. ?????? ????(dominant hemisphere)? ??????(parieto-occipital cortex)?? - ?????? ???? ??? ??? 40% ?? ??? ??

    29. 10. ?????? ?????(Broca’s aphasia) - ???? ??? ?????(Wernick’s aphasia) -??? ??? ?????(global aphasia)

    30. 10. ?????? ????(dysarthria, ???) -??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? ?????(verbal apraixia) -????? ?? ? ???? ????, ??, ??, ?? ?? ??? ??? -??? ????? ?? ??

    31. 11.???? ??(shoulder subluxation) ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??(?? ??, ? ???? ??) ??? -??????(acromioclavicular joint)? ?? -????(humeral head)??

    32. 11.???? ??(shoulder subluxation) ?? - ?? - ???? ?? - ?????(brachial plexus injury) ?? - ?????(shoulder-hand syndrome) ?????, ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ? ?? ??, ??, ??(tenderness)? ??

    33. 11.???? ??(shoulder subluxation) ?? - ?????? - ???? - ????(??? ??)

    34. 12. ???? ? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ? ???? ????? ?? ? ??

    35. 13. ?? ????(head ache) ???? ???(thalamic pain syndrome) ->??, ??, ??? ?? ???? ?? -> ???, ?? ??, ??? ??, ?? ??, ???? ??? ->?, ?? ?? ??

    36. 13. ?? ??(shoulder pain) ->(brachial plexus injury) ->???? -> ?? ?? ???? ???(joint pain) ->???? ??, ??? ?? ??, ?? ?

    37. 13. ?? ?????(shoulder-hand syndrome) ->??? ??? 12.5~25% ->??? ? ? 2~4??? ?? ??? -> ? ??: ??, ??, ???? ?? -> ??: ????, ??? ????(???? ??) ??(?, ????) ??(???, ?? ????? ??) ??

    38. 13. ?? ??? ??????? (complex regional pain syndrome, CRPS) ???? ????????(reflex sympathetic dystrophy, RSD) ->?? ??, ?? ->????(????)? ?????? ???? ->????? ?? -> ??, ?, ??? ????? ??

    39. 14. ??(seizures) ??? ??? ??? 10~15% ?? ???? ???(50%) ??? ??? ? ? ? ? ??

    40. 15. ????(dysphagia) ????, ????, ????? ???? ??? ??? ??, ???? ??

    41. 16. ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? -> ??, ??, ??, ??, ??, ????, ????, ??? ??\ ?? -> ??, ??, ?????, ??, ????

    42. 16. ?? ???? ->???(sacral region) ->????(greater trochanter region) ->????(scapular region) ->???(occipital region) ->???(calcaneus region) ->???(patella region) ->???(olecranon)

    43. 17. ?? ? ???? ???(urinary incontinence) -> ??? ?? ??(confusion)???? ?? ?? ?? -> ?????, ??, ??? ?? -> ???(catheter)?? ? ???? ??(constipation)? ???(fecal incontinence)

    44. 18. ??? ??? ?? ????? ??(mannwernick posture) ->?-flexor synergy ->??-extensor synergy Circumduction gait

    45. ?????? ?? PNF Rood Vojta Brunnstrom NDT

    46. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ????? ??, ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ??

    47. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) ???? 1. ????(????, tactile stimulation) - ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? - lumbrical grip 2. ??? ???? ?? (command& communication) - ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? - ????: ??, ??/ ????: ??, ??

    48. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) 3. ????(visual stimulation) - ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ? - ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? 4. ??(stretch) - ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? - ????(quick stretched): ?? ?? - ????(prolonged stretched): ??? ??, ?? ??

    49. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) 5. ??? ??(traction & approximation) - ??: ? ??? ?? ??, ???? - ??: ??? ??? ?? 6.????(Maximal resistance) - ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? 1/3?? ??? ??

    50. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) 7. PNF ???? - ????(mass movement) ?? - ?? ??? ????? ??? ??(Beevor ??) - ?? ????: ??? ??? - ??? ?? ??- ?? ??-?? ???- ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????-> ??+ ??+ ??? ??? ???

    51. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) 8. ????(summation) - ?? ??? ??? ???? ? ??? - ???? + ???? + ??+ ?? ? ??? ??? ?? 9. ???? ???(Normal timing) ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? 10. ???? ? ???? - ?? ? ?????? ? ??? ??

    52. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) ???? ????(repeated contraction) - ???? ????? ?? ?? - ????? ??? ????? ?? ????(slow reversal) - sherrington? ???? ??(??? ?? ? ??? ??) - ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? - ??? ???, ???? ??

    53. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) ???? ??(slow reversal hold) - ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? - ??: ??? ???? ???? ??? ???(Rhythmic stabilization) - ??: ???? ???? ?? - ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??(Rhythemic initation) - ??: ? ??? ??

    54. ????? ??? ???(Proprioceptive neuromusclar facilitation, PNF) ????(Hole relax) - ??: ??? ?? - 2-3? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????(Contract relax) - ??: ? ??, ?????? ??

    55. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ?

    56. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <???? ??? ??? ??> ? 1?? ?? ?????(flexor withdrawal) ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????(rolling over) - ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???

    57. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <???? ??? ??? ??> ? 1?? ?? ??? ??(pivot prone) ??? ???? ?? ??(prone on neck flexion) ??? ?? ????(prone on elbow)

    58. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <???? ??? ??? ??> 2. ? 2?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????(fours foot posture) ????(fours foot gait) ???(Standing posture)

    59. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <???? ??? ??? ??> 3. ? 3?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????(standing posture on weight shifting) 4. ? 4?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??(gait)

    60. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <??? ???? ??> ??-> ?? ??-> ?? ?????-> ?? ?? ?????-> ????? ????-> ????-> ???? ????-> ??, ??? ??

    61. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <?? ??> -?? ?? -??? ?? - ???? -?? ??? - ?? - ???? -??? - ?? - ??? ?? -?? ??? - ?? – ?? -???? ???? -?? ?? - ???? – ??? ?? - ??? ??? ??

    62. ??? ???(Rood treatment methods) <?? ??> -????(????) - ???? -???? - ??? ???? -?? - ???? ?? -??? ??? -???? ???? ??? -??? ??? -??? ??

    63. ?????? ?? (Brunnstrom treatemtn) ?????? ????

    64. ?????? ?? (Brunnstrom treatemtn) ??????(synergies pattern)

    65. ?????? ?? (Brunnstrom treatemtn) ????(assoicated reaction) ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ??? ???? ? -??- - ??- - ??- ???? ? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ? ????? ???????

    66. ?????? ?? (Brunnstrom treatemtn) ??? ????? ?????? ?? Subcortical level? cortical level ???? ? ??? ??? ?? * ???- ????? ?? ??

    67. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ?????? ??? ?? ?????, ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ? ????? ??(IBITAH, 1995)

    68. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ??????(reflex inhibitory posture, RIP) ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??, ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??

    69. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ???????? (reflex inhibitory patterns, RIPs) ???? ???? ?? + ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??

    70. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) Central postural control mechanism(CPCM) - ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? - ????? ????, ??? ?? - ?? ????? ???? ????

    71. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ?????(postural tone) ??? ???? ???? ??? ? ??

    72. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ????(reciprocal innervation) ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?-?, ???-??? ???? ???, ???? ??? ???-> ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????

    73. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ????(movement pattern) -????? ??? ??? ?? -???? ???? ???????(selective movement) ?????(task oriented)? ????+????? ?? CVA? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? (recruitment order)? ??? ?? ?

    74. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ????(Form-function) -??? ??? ??? ?? CVA ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? CVA ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??(?? ??? ??)

    75. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ????(balance reaction) - ?? ??????(righting reaction)- ??? ????? ?? ????(equilibrium reaction) ????(protective reaction)- ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ?? ????: ?? ? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??

    76. ?????? ??? (NDT, Bobath) ???(Key point of control) ?????, ????, ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???(proximal key point)-??,??, ??? ??? ???(distal key point)- ?, ? ?? ???(central key point)- ????, ??7-8?

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